电力系统不同故障类型电弧特性研究  

Study on Arc Characteristics of Different Faults Types in Power System

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作  者:杨浩 郭燕燕 王宇昕[1] YANG Hao;GUO Yanyan;WANG Yuxin(State Grid Henan Extra High Voltage Company,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区:[1]国家电网河南省电力公司超高压公司,河南郑州450000

出  处:《河南科技》2024年第21期4-8,共5页Henan Science and Technology

基  金:国网河南省电力公司科技项目(5217M0220002)。

摘  要:【目的】电力系统的不同故障类型会产生不同的短路电流及电弧特性,研究这些特性对断路器成功切除故障起到至关重要的作用。为准确识别出电力系统中的不同故障类型,提出一种通过观测电弧及其弧后特性的方法。【方法】采用粒子模拟和电弧观测技术,模拟研究断路器在单相接地短路、两相短路和三相接地短路这三种故障类型下的电弧特性。【结果】研究发现,电弧及其弧后特性与不同故障类型的预警之间存在密切关系,不同故障类型下的电弧粒子和电势二维分布特征各异。【结论】真空电弧及弧后特性能反映出故障的具体类型,且以三相接地短路故障的真空电弧弧后粒子浓度最高、扩散时间最长,对弧后的介质恢复过程产生不利影响。这一发现为电力系统故障诊断和断路器设计提供了重要依据。[Purposes]In power systems,different types of faults generate varying short-circuit currents,leading to distinct arc characteristics.Studying the arc characteristics under different fault conditions is crucial for the successful operation of circuit breakers.This paper proposes a method to quickly identify different types of faults in power systems by observing the arc and post-arc characteristics.[Methods]Through particle simulation and arc observation,the arc characteristics of circuit breakers under three fault types including single-phase ground short circuit,two-phase short circuit and three-phase ground short circuit are simulated.[Findings]It is found that there is a close relationship between the arc and its post-arc characteristics and the early warning of different fault types.The two-dimensional distribution characteristics of arc particles and potential are varying under different fault types.[Conclusions]The vacuum arc and post-arc characteristics can reflect the specific types of faults,and the vacuum arc with three-phase ground short-circuit fault has the highest particle concentration and the longest diffusion time,which has an adverse effect on the medium recovery process of the post-arc.This finding provides an important basis for power system fault diagnosis and circuit breaker design.

关 键 词:电力系统 故障类型 电弧特性 

分 类 号:TM89[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]

 

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