高层建筑机械加压送风系统压力分析  

Pressure analysis of mechanical pressurized air supply system of high-rise building

作　　者：杜学胜[1] 魏丁一 李梦真 杨久阳 李源源 DU Xuesheng;WEI Dingyi;LI Mengzhen;YANG Jiuyang;LI Yuanyuan(College of Resources and Safety Engineering,Henan University of Engineering,Zhengzhou 451191,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工程学院资源与安全工程学院,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《河南工程学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期20-25,共6页Journal of Henan University of Engineering：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23B440005);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202311517023);2023年河南省本科高校大学生创新创业训练计划国家级项目(202311517025)。

摘　　要：高度超过50 m的高层建筑,火灾发生时需要启动机械加压送风系统向防烟楼梯间及前室送入一定风量,使楼梯间和前室维持一定范围的正压,以防止烟气进入。为了解加压送风时前室与走道的压差情况,以郑州某栋26层办公楼的一座防烟楼梯间及合用前室为研究对象,计算了楼梯间和合用前室的加压送风量和疏散门两侧允许的压差范围。以计算的风量和压差为依据,采用建筑通风模拟分析软件CONTAM对5种工况进行模拟分析,结果表明:火灾规模较小时,开启三层疏散门,该建筑的加压送风系统可以阻止火灾烟气进入前室;前室与室外环境的温差越大,阻挡火灾烟气的效果越好;火灾规模较大及开启更多疏散门时,加压送风系统阻挡火灾烟气的能力降低。For high-rise buildings with a height of more than 50 m,in the event of a fire,the mechanical pressurized air supply system needs to be activated to send a certain amount of air to the smoke-proof stairwell and the front room,so that the stairwell and the front room can maintain a certain range of positive pressure to prevent smoke from entering.In order to understand the pressure difference between the anterior chamber and the walkway when pressurized air supply,taking a smoke-proof stairwell and a shared front room of a 26-storey office building in Zhengzhou as the research object,the pressurized air supply volume of the stairwell and the shared front room was calculated respectively.Based on the calculated air volume and pressure difference,the building ventilation simulation analysis software CONTAM was used to simulate and analyze five working conditions,and the results showed that when the fire scale is small,the pressurized air supply system of the building can prevent the fire smoke from entering the front room when the three-layer evacuation door is opened,and the larger the temperature difference between the front room and the outdoor ambient temperature,the better the effect of blocking the smoke;when the fire scale is large and when more evacuation doors are opened,the ability of the pressurized air supply system to block the fire smoke is reduced.

关 键 词：机械加压送风 压力分析 CONTAM软件 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]