发动机冷却系统数值模拟及实验验证  

Numerical simulation and experimental verification of the engine cooling system

作　　者：谭礼斌 袁越锦[1] TAN Libin;YUAN Yuejin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《河南工程学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期47-52,共6页Journal of Henan University of Engineering：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51876109)。

摘　　要：发动机冷却系统由水泵、冷却水套、节温器、散热器、油水交换器及连接管路组成,冷却系统各部件流阻特性与水泵性能精准匹配可确保冷却循环流量满足发动机冷却需求。以双缸发动机冷却系统为研究对象,通过部件流阻测试、散热器换热性能测试、水泵性能测试获取冷却系统基础实验数据并搭建一维流量分析模型,同时采用计算流体力学方法对冷却系统进行流动分析及优化。结果表明:该双缸发动机冷却系统在发动机转速为8500、6500、3000 r/min时的流量分别为56、43、17 L/min。优化后,冷却系统内各缸冷却液流速差异较小,发动机转速为8500 r/min时油水交换器流量为11.7 L/min,实测为11.5 L/min,发动机两缸温差为1.5℃,两缸得到了均匀冷却。研究结果可为同类型发动机冷却系统的设计及冷却性能评估提供参考。The engine cooling system consists of a water pump,cooling water jacket,thermostat,radiator,oil-water exchanger,and connecting pipelines.The precise matching between the flow resistance characteristics of various components in the cooling system and the performance of the water pump can ensure that the cooling cycle flow rate meets the cooling needs of the engine.This article takes the cooling system of a two-cylinder engine as the object,experimental data of the cooling system is obtained through component flow resistance testing,radiator heat transfer performance testing,and water pump performance testing,and the one-dimensional cooling system flow analysis model is given.Meanwhile,computational fluid dynamics methods are used to conduct flow analysis and optimization of the cooling system.The results show that the cooling system of the two-cylinder engine has the flow rates of 56,43,and 17 L/min at engine speeds of 8500,6500,and 3000 r/min,respectively.After optimization,the difference in coolant flow velocity between each cylinder in the cooling system is small.At engine speed 8500 r/min,the flow rate of the oil-water exchanger is 11.7 L/min,while the measured flow rate is 11.5 L/min.The temperature difference between the two cylinders of the engine is 1.5℃,and the two cylinders receive uniform cooling.The research results can provide reference for the design and performance evaluation of cooling systems for the same type engines.

关 键 词：双缸发动机 冷却系统 计算流体力学 性能开发 

分 类 号：U462.2[机械工程—车辆工程]