极端不利环境下氧化铝薄壁空心球粒抗冲击吸波性能试验研究  

The Anti-impact Wave-absorbing Performance of Alumina Thin-walled Hollow Particles Under Extremely Adverse Environment

作　　者：严鹏志 范鹏贤 王宇 邢文政 YAN Pengzhi;FAN Pengxian;WANG Yu;XING Wenzheng(National Defense Engineering Academy,Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing 210007,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学国防工程学院,南京210007

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第23期14-19,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51979280)。

摘　　要：消波层消波效能的充分发挥是防护工程实现防护目的的重要一环。但在饱水与冰冻两种极端不利条件下,传统成层式防护结构使用的消波材料干散砂无法有效发挥消波效能,因此改善消波层在极端不利环境下的消波可靠性对于提升防护结构的战时生存能力具有重要意义。采用氧化铝薄壁空心球颗粒作为新型消波材料,利用分离式霍普金森杆测试了氧化铝薄壁空心球粒在冲击荷载作用下的消波效能并与标准砂进行了比较。试验结果表明,在饱水与冰冻两种极端不利工况下,氧化铝薄壁空心球粒较传统消波材料均具有明显的消波优势。氧化铝薄壁空心球粒能够反射更多的入射能量,进而减少耦合入材料内部的能量;同时,对于耦合入材料内部的能量,其耗散能力也强于标准砂。氧化铝薄壁空心球粒在饱水和冰冻条件下的高效消波能力主要得益于其在荷载作用下能够大量破碎,释放壳体内部气相,增加了介质的可压缩性。在动态应力-应变曲线上直观表现为曲线更加平缓,压缩模量、峰值应力更小但峰值应变更大。而大粒径的氧化铝薄壁空心球粒能够进一步提高材料在极端不利工况下的消波效能,提高工程应用中的效费比。本工作可为防护工程水害与冻害问题提供低成本、高可靠性的解决方案。It is an important part of protective engineering to give full play to the wave-absorbing efficiency of the wave-absorbing layer.However,dry loose sand,a traditional wave-absorbing material used in the layered protective structure,cannot effectively exert wave-absorbing efficiency under the two extremely unfavorable conditions of saturated water and freezing.Improving the wave-absorbing reliability of the wave-absorbing layer in the extremely unfavorable environment is of great significance for the survivability of the protective structure in wartime.The wave-absor-bing efficiency of alumina thin-walled hollow particles under impact load was tested by split Hopkinson bar and compared with that of standard sand.The test results show that the alumina thin-walled hollow particles have obvious advantages over the traditional wave-absorbing materials both in the condition of saturated water and in the condition of freezing.Alumina thin-walled hollow particles can reflect more incident energy,thereby reducing the energy coupled into the material.At the same time,for the energy coupled into the material,its dissipation capacity is also stronger than that of standard sand.The efficient wave-absorbing ability of alumina thin-walled hollow particles under saturated water and freezing conditions is mainly due to the broken of a large amount of hollow particles under impact load,which releases the internal gas phase of the shell and increases the compressibility of the medium.Compared with dry loose sand,the dynamic stress-strain curve of the alumina thin-walled hollow particles is smoother,and its compression modulus and the peak stress are smaller,but its peak strain is greater.The large size of alumina thin-walled hollow particles can further improve the wave-absorbing efficiency of the material under extremely unfavorable conditions,and improve the efficiency and cost ratio in engineering applications.The work provides a low-cost and high-reliability solution to solve the problem of water damage and freezing damage in pr

关 键 词：氧化铝薄壁空心球粒 能量分析 颗粒破碎 动态应力-应变曲线 

分 类 号：O382.1[理学—流体力学]