表面自纳米化医用金属材料的研究进展  

Research Progress on Surface Self-nanocrystallization for Medical Metal Materials

作　　者：邱靖 胡剑 陈绵 衣玉玮 QIU Jing;HU Jian;CHEN Mian;YI Yuwei(School of Materials Science and Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学材料科学与工程学院,南昌330013 [2]华东交通大学江西省纳米生物材料重点实验室,南昌330013

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第23期122-131,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51961012,52001122);江西省自然科学基金(20212ACB214001,20203BBE53050,20224BAB214014)。

摘　　要：医用金属材料的表面性能至关重要,微观结构、晶粒尺寸、表面粗糙度及残余应力等是显著影响材料服役性能的重要因素。表面自纳米化产生的剧烈塑性变形能够在医用金属材料表面形成梯度纳米结构层和残余压应力,因此是改善材料表面力学性能和生物相容性的有效手段。本文首先综述了几种典型的表面自纳米化方法及其在医用金属领域的研究进展,并分析其各自的适用范围和存在的主要问题。其次总结了医用金属材料表面纳米晶层的微观结构演化规律与晶粒细化机制,重点阐述了表面自纳米化方法对医用金属材料的力学性能、耐蚀性以及生物学性能变化的影响。最后指出了现有医用金属材料表面自纳米化研究存在的不足,并对表面自纳米化医用金属材料的未来研究方向及应用前景进行展望。Most properties of medical metal materials are to a large extent influenced by their surface characteristics.The microstructure,grain size,surface roughness and residual stress are significant factors that obviously affect the service performance of materials.In order to enhance the wear resistance,corrosion resistance and osseointegration of medical metal materials,it is necessary to modify the surface characteristics.Among these current surface modification methods,surface self-nanocrystallization(SSNC)is a promising technology for its’synergistic effect of residual compressive stress,high hardness,and surface grain refinement generated during SSNC process,which should enhance the resistance of materials to wear and fatigue crack initiation,and improve the biological activity.This paper first outlines several typical SSNC technologies and their research progress in the field of medical metals,and analyzes their respective application ranges and main problems.It then summarizes the microstructure evolution law and grain refinement mechanism of nanocrystalline layer on the surface of medical metal materials in which the effects of SSNC parameters on the mechanical properties,corrosion resistance and biological properties of medical metal materials are emphasized.It finally points out the deficiencies in the existing research on SSNC of medical metal materials,and envisages the future research and application in this field.

关 键 词：表面自纳米化 医用金属材料 力学性能 耐蚀性 生物相容性 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG142.71[金属学及工艺—金属材料]