增材制造金属材料在海洋环境下的耐蚀性能——综述  

Corrosion Resistance of Additively Fabricated Metal Materials in Marine Environments:a Review

作　　者：张勇 王斌斌 刘琛[2] 李斌强 赵俊波 李志文 李哲 赵春志 王亮[1,4] 苏彦庆[1,4] ZHANG Yong;WANG Binbin;LIU Chen;LI Binqiang;ZHAO Junbo;LI Zhiwen;LI Zhe;ZHAO Chunzhi;WANG Liang;SU Yanqing(National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;No.703 Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Company Limited,Harbin 150036,China;Zhengzhou Research Institute,Harbin Institute of Technology,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院金属精密热加工国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学空间环境与物质科学研究院,哈尔滨150001 [3]中国船舶集团有限公司第七○三研究所,哈尔滨150036 [4]哈尔滨工业大学郑州研究院,郑州450000

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第23期151-161,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0609000);国家自然科学基金(52171034,52101037)。

摘　　要：随着金属增材制造技术在海洋工程领域的拓展应用,海水腐蚀成为增材制造构件需面临的重要问题。然而,金属增材制造的离散-堆积成型方式和材料的快速凝固特性,使得其制造的合金在微观组织上与常规合金有所不同,进而呈现出独特的腐蚀行为。针对奥氏体不锈钢、双相不锈钢、沉淀硬化马氏体不锈钢、铝合金(AlSi10Mg)和钛合金(Ti6Al4V)五种合金材料,重点讨论了粉末床熔融和定向能量沉积两类金属增材制造方法对合金的微观组织及海水耐蚀性的影响。同时,探讨了金属增材制造合金在应对海水腐蚀方面的热处理工艺,并与常规合金的耐蚀性进行了对比。最后,总结了相关研究成果及面临的挑战,展望了金属增材制造技术在海洋工程用金属材料领域的未来发展趋势。field of marine engineering,the issue of seawater corrosion has emerged as a prominent concern for components produced through this innovative technology.Notably,the metal additive manufacturing alloys made of discrete-deposition forming method and rapid solidification characteristics have distinct microstructures which are different from those of conventional alloys,thereby present unique corrosion behaviors of these materials.This work is devoted to an in-depth exploration of five distinct alloy materials,specifically,austenitic stainless steel,duplex stainless steel,precipitation-hardened martensitic stainless steel,aluminum alloy(AlSi10Mg),and titanium alloy(Ti6Al4V).It emphatically discusses the profound influence of powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition methods on the microstructure and seawater corrosion resistance of these alloys.Moreover,it delves into heat treatment processes aimed at mitigating seawater corrosion in metal additive manufacturing alloys,and undertakes a comparative assessment of their corrosion resistance re-lative to that of conventional alloys.It also entails a summary on related research accomplishments,highlighted the prevailing challenges,and some insights into future prospects concerning the utilization of metal additive manufacturing technology within the field of metallic materials for marine engineering.

关 键 词：金属增材制造 海水耐蚀性 热处理 不锈钢 TI6AL4V AlSi10Mg 

分 类 号：TG171[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]