湿热环境对碳纤维复合材料防撞梁低速碰撞损伤的影响  

Influence of Wet and Thermal Environment on Low Speed Collision Damage of Carbon Fiber Composite Anti-collision Beams

作　　者：陈历 朱孙科[1] 董绍江[1] 肖勇 宋霞 CHEN Li;ZHU Sunke;DONG Shaojiang;XIAO Yong;SONG Xia(School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering,Wuhan Huaxia University of Technology,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]武汉华夏理工学院机电与车辆工程学院,武汉430223

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第23期290-296,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：重庆市高校创新研究群体项目(CXQT20019);重庆市教委科学技术研究计划项目(KJQN201900731)。

摘　　要：为研究湿热环境对碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)防撞梁力学性能的影响,通过建立考虑湿热效应的碳纤维复合材料失效预测模型对23℃干态(RTD)材料进行湿热环境下性能预测,得到70℃干态(ETD)和70℃平衡吸湿(ETW)环境下的材料性能。采用实体单元模拟复合材料力学特性,建立不同湿热环境下CFRP防撞梁低速碰撞有限元显式动力学模型,发展了考虑湿热效应Hashin失效准则的VUSDFLD子程序来判定低速碰撞时CFRP防撞梁7个方向的损伤程度。在此基础上,对与VUSDFLD子程序联合的碳纤维复合材料失效预测模型进行相同实验条件下的拉伸仿真,仿真结果与实验结果吻合良好,验证了模型的有效性。开发了基于ABAQUS接口的Python自动后处理程序来统计CFRP防撞梁各个铺层、方向的损伤单元数。结果表明,相较于23℃干态环境,70℃干态和70℃平衡吸湿环境下的CFRP防撞梁单元损伤率分别增加了22%、49.6%;CFRP防撞梁两端点位移分别增加了1.33 mm、4.51 mm。本研究为评价湿热环境对碳纤维复合材料防撞梁低速碰撞损伤的影响提供了新的评价方法及思路。In order to study the influence of humid and thermal environment on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced composite(CFRP)anti-collision beams,a failure prediction model of carbon fiber composite considering the humid and thermal effect was established to predict the properties of 23℃dry state(RTD)materials under humid and thermal environment,and the material properties under 70℃dry state(ETD)and 70℃equilibrium moisture absorption(ETW)were predicted respectively.By using solid elements to simulate the mechanical properties of composite materials,builted a finite element explicit dynamic model of CFRP anti-collision beams at low speed.Developed a VUSDFLD subroutine considering Hashin failure criterion to determine the damage degree of CFRP anti-collision beams in 7 directions under low speed collision.On this basis,conbined the failure prediction model with VUSDFLD subroutine to run a tensile simulation to the carbon fiber composite under the same experimental conditions.The simulation results agreed well with the experimental results,and the validity of the model was verified.A Python automatic post-processing program based on ABAQUS interface was developed to calculate the number of damage elements in each layer and direction of CFRP anti-collision beams.The calculated results showed that,compared with under 23℃dry condition,the damage rates of CFRP anti-collision beam units under 70℃dry condition and 70℃equilibrium hygroscopic condition increased by 22%and 49.6%,and the displacement of the two ends of the CFRP anti-collision beam increased by 1.33 mm and 4.51 mm respectively.This study provides a new method and idea for evaluating the influence of wet and thermal environment on the low-speed collision damage of carbon fiber composite anti-collision beams.

关 键 词：碳纤维复合材料 湿热环境 显式动力学 VUSDFLD子程序 Hashin失效准则 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] U465[机械工程—车辆工程]