第一次世界大战时期乌拉尔地区的华工研究(二)  

Studies of Chinese Workers in the Urals During World War Ⅰ(Ⅱ)

作　　者：耿义锦 Geng Yijin(School of History,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院,北京102400

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2024年第11期18-24,共7页Journal of Heihe University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大委托课题“华工与一战研究”(18@ZH030);中国社会科学院大学(研究生院)研究生科研创新支持计划科学研究项目“被遗忘的贡献者:东线旅俄华工回国安置问题研究”(2024-KY-058)。

摘　　要：1915年5月起,帝俄中央和乌拉尔地方政府批准实施了多项法规,旨在保障前往俄国领土的黄种劳动力的社会地位和基本权益。但难以消融的文化和语言壁垒仍使其受到工矿企业管理者、中外承包商的公开歧视和不平等对待,各方矛盾与日俱增。因此,自华工抵达之日到二月革命期间,乌拉尔华工先后发动了十余次反抗和小规模罢工运动,以争取其应有的社会地位和作为外籍劳务人员的公正待遇。Since May 1915,central Russia and Ural local government have approved the implementation of various laws and regulations.The aim is to guarantee the social status and basic rights and interests of the yellow labor force traveling to the territory of Russia.However,the cultural and language barriers that are diffi cult to dissolve still make it subject to open discrimination and unequal treatment by managers of industrial and mining enterprises,domestic and foreign contractors,which leads to that fact that the contradictions between all parties are increasing day by day.Therefore,from the arrival of the Chinese workers to the February Revolution,the Ural Chinese workers have launched more than ten revolts and small-scale strikes in order to fi ght for their due social status and fair treatment as foreign labor workers.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 华工 乌拉尔 外籍劳务人员 

分 类 号：K511[历史地理—历史学] D81[历史地理—世界史]