理工科大学生物理实验学习观念的调查研究  

A survey on the learning conception of physics lab experiments of science and engineering university students

作　　者：黄乐恒 郑博为 范兵[1,2] 肖洋[1,2] 谢翠婷 熊建文[1,2] 吴先球[1,2] Huang Le-heng;Zheng Bo-wei;Fan Bing;Xiao Yang;Xie Cui-ting;Xiong Jian-wen;Wu Xian-qiu(School of Physics,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China;Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学物理学院,广东广州510006 [2]华南师范大学原子亚原子结构与量子调控教育部重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《大学物理》2024年第10期67-73,共7页College Physics

基　　金：广东省2023年度教育科学规划课题(高等教育专项,2023GXJK273)资助。

摘　　要：为揭示理工大学生的物理实验学习观念,本文以华南师范大学的理工科大学生为研究对象,进行了访谈和调查.对访谈资料进行现象图析学分析,初步揭示了“记忆”、“菜谱式操作”等十一类逐渐精致的物理实验学习观念.对问卷调查的探索性因素分析,进一步验证了其中九类学习观念.理工科大学生的物理实验学习观念构成一个有层次的结果空间,从低到高分别反映了学科知识取向、学科过程取向和学科本质取向.物理学专业学生更认同物理实验学习是“菜谱式操作”、“掌握技能和体验”和对理论学习的“验证”.未来高等院校物理实验课程教学应进一步协调理论与实验课程,并突出实验独特的育人功能.In order to reveal the learning conceptions of physics lab experiments(CLPLE)held by university students majoring in science and engineering,in interviews and surveys with students from South China Normal University are conducted.The phenomenological analysis of the interview data initially revealed eleven types of progressively sophisticated CLPLE,such as memorizing and cookbook-style operating.Then the exploratory factor analysis of the survey is further verified nine types of these conceptions.This result suggests that the CLPLE held by science and engineering undergraduates constitute a hierarchical outcome space,from low to high,reflecting disciplinary knowledge orientation,disciplinary process orientation,and nature of discipline orientation,respectively.Meanwhile,compared with non-physics majors,physics majors,it is found to agree more with the CLPLE as cookbook-style operating,mastering skills and experience and verifying.It is recommended that the instruction of college physics lab experiments further coordinate the theoretical and experimental courses and underline the unique educational function of lab experiments.

关 键 词：大学物理实验 学习观念 现象图析学 因素分析 

分 类 号：O642.0[理学—物理化学]