2022年武汉市末梢水中微塑料污染的初步分析  

A preliminary investigation of microplastic pollution in terminal water in Wuhan,China,2022

作　　者：吴一鸣 王婧 张瑞[1] 杨世杰 唐琳[1] 李永刚[1] 崔秀青 WU Yi-ming;WANG Jing;ZHANG Rui;YANG Shi-jie;TANG Lin;LI Yong-gong;CUI Xiu-qing(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China;Wenzhou Lucheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079 [2]温州市鹿城区疾病预防控制中心,温州325000

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第11期915-919,933,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(2022CFB019);中国疾病预防控制中心2023年公共卫生领域卫生健康标准化前期研究项目。

摘　　要：目的 了解武汉市末梢饮用水中微塑料的污染水平,探究中心城区和远城区微塑料污染差异。方法 2022年10月在武汉市2个中心城区和2个远城区共采集18份管网末梢水样本,经一级过滤、消解、洗脱和二级过滤等步骤富集水样中的微塑料颗粒后,采用傅里叶变换显微红外光谱法分析微塑料的丰度、粒径及成分分布特征。结果 所有采集的样本中均有微塑料检出,其中城市中心城区的末梢水中微塑料丰度显著高于远城区(t=2.60,P<0.05);检出的微塑料颗粒类型共有12种,其中以聚四氟乙烯(33.09%)和聚甲基苯基硅氧烷(32.57%)占比较高;微塑料颗粒随粒径的增加,其丰度水平整体呈现出逐渐下降的趋势,其中以粒径<50μm范围内的微塑料分布比例较高(46.19%)。结论 武汉市末梢饮用水微塑料污染状况不容忽视,中心城区微塑料污染较远城区严重,需重点关注末梢饮用水中小粒径微塑料颗粒的健康危害。Objective To investigate the level of microplastic pollution in terminal water in Wuhan,China,and to explore the difference in microplastic pollution between central urban areas and remote urban areas.Methods In October 2022,18 samples of ter-minal water were collected from the pipe networks of two central urban areas and two remote urban areas in Wuhan.The microplastic particles in the water samples were enriched using primary filtration,digestion,elution,and secondary filtration.The samples were then analyzed for abundance,particle size,and composition distribution characteristics of microplastics using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy.Results Microplastics were detected in all samples collected,with the abundance levels being significantly higher in the central urban areas than in the remote urban areas(t=2.60,P<0.05).Twelve types of microplastics were identified,with polytetrafluoroethylene accounting for the highest percentage(33.09%),followed by polymethylphenylsiloxane(32.57%).The over-all abundance of microplastic particles showed a gradual decline with an increase in particle size,with the highest distribution propor-tion of microplastics found in the range of<50μm(46.19%).Conclusion Microplastic pollution in terminal water in Wuhan is a concern that cannot be ignored,and the microplastic pollution in the central urban areas is more serious than that in the remote urban areas.It is necessary to direct more attention to the health hazards of small-sized microplastic particles in terminal water.

关 键 词：微塑料 饮用水 末梢水 傅里叶变换显微红外光谱法 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]