2020年太原市迎泽区PM_(2.5)中PAHs污染特征及来源解析  

Pollution characteristics of PM_(2.5)-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and source analysis in Yingze District,Taiyuan,China,2020

作　　者：吕茜 刘旭辉[1] 李常青[1] LYU Qian;LIU Xu-hui;LI Chang-qing(Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taiyuan 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]太原市疾病预防控制中心,太原030012

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第11期926-933,共8页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的 了解2020年太原市迎泽区PM_(2.5)的浓度水平,分析PM_(2.5)中PAHs的污染特征,初步掌握其污染来源。方法 2020年每月选取10—16日采集太原市迎泽区某建筑顶层PM_(2.5)样本。采用滤膜采样前后质量差计算PM_(2.5)质量浓度。采用高效液相色谱法测定PAHs污染水平,探讨采暖季和非采暖季PAHs的污染特征。采用特征比值法解析污染来源。结果 2020年太原市迎泽区PM_(2.5)及PAHs日均质量浓度M分别为70.46和15.04 ng/m^(3)。采暖季及非采暖季PM_(2.5)的质量浓度M分别为80.45和62.99μg/m^(3),差异有统计学意义(z=-4.01,P<0.05);PAHs的质量浓度M分别为39.96和9.21 ng/m^(3),差异有统计学意义(z=-5.60,P<0.05)。采暖季及非采暖季PAHs单体及环数的构成比趋势基本一致,荧蒽和苯并[b]荧蒽最高,累积占比约30%,其次是芘和■,累积占比约20%;环数占比均为4环>5环>6环>3环>2环。其中4环占比约40%,5环占比约25%。4环/(5环+6环)的特征比值均值为1.03,提示污染源为本地源。BaP/BghiP、FlT/(FlT+Pyr)、BaA/(BaA+Chr)的特征比值均值分别为0.87、0.61、0.37,提示污染源为煤/生物质燃烧源;Ind/(Ind+BghiP)的特征比值均值为0.30,提示污染来源为交通源。结论 2020年太原市迎泽区采暖季PM_(2.5)及PAHs污染水平显著高于非采暖季,煤燃烧及交通源为迎泽区PAHs的主要污染源。Objective To investigate the concentrations of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))in Taiyuan Yingze District,Taiyuan,China in 2020,analyze the pollution characteristics of PM_(2.5)-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),and preliminarily de-termine sources of pollution.Methods PM_(2.5) samples were collected from the top floor of a building in Yingze District,Taiyuan,from the 10th to the 16th day of every month in 2020.The PM_(2.5) mass concentration was evaluated through calculating the mass difference before and after filter membrane sampling.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to determine the PAHs contam-ination levels and explore the contamination characteristics of PAHs in the heating and non-heating seasons.The contamination sources were analyzed using the characteristic ratio method.Results The median of daily mass concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PAHs in Yingze District,Taiyuan in 2020 were 70.46 and 15.04 ng/m^(3),respectively.The median of daily mass concentrations of PM_(2.5) in the heating and non-heating seasons were 80.45 and 62.99μg/m^(3),respectively,exhibiting a significant difference(z=-4.01,P<0.05).The median values of mass concentrations of PAHs were 39.96 and 9.21 ng/m^(3),respectively,also exhibiting a significant difference(z=-5.60,P<0.05).The constituent ratios of PAH monomers and ring numbers indicated a similar trend between the heating and non-heating seasons.Fluoranthene and benzo[b]fluoranthene had the highest ratios,with a cumulative ratio of about 30%,followed by py-rene and chrysene,with a cumulative ratio of about 20%.In both seasons,the ratios of ring numbers were as follows:4 rings>5 rings>6 rings>3 rings>2 rings.Specifically,4 rings accounted for about 40%,and 5 rings accounted for about 25%.The characteristic ratio of 4 rings/(5 rings+6 rings)was 1.03,suggesting that a local pollution source.The characteristic ratios of BaP/BghiP,FlT/(FlT+Pyr),and BaA/(BaA+Chr)were 0.87,0.61,and 0.37,respectively,suggesting that coal/biomass combustion was the pollution so

关 键 词：大气 细颗粒物 多环芳烃 污染 来源 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]