1起景区诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发疫情分析  

Analysis of an Epidemic Outbreak of Norovirus Infectious Diarrhea in a Scenic Area

作　　者：孙恺 Sun Kai(Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Xiuning County of Huangshan City,Huangshan 245400,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省黄山市休宁县疾病预防控制中心,安徽黄山245400

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2024年第32期143-145,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:调查1起休宁县齐云山景区发生的诺如病毒感染性腹泻疫情,分析感染源和暴露的危险因素。方法:将2020年11月17—18日于休宁县齐云山景区某酒家用餐的游客和酒家从业人员纳入研究,调查该酒家的用餐和供水等基本情况与所有符合病例定义的患者,并进行实验室检测,开展流行病学调查。结果:共搜索到符合病例定义的患者7例,其中临床诊断5例,实验室诊断3例,患者主要表现为腹泻、腹痛、恶心、呕吐等急性胃肠道症状。7例患者首次发病时间为2020年11月18日14:00,发病高峰期为11月19日2:00。7例患者均为该酒家的从业人员,食用清炖鸡汤和凉拌腐竹是诺如病毒感染的影响因素(P<0.05)。实验室检查结果显示,阳性检出率:水样>肛拭子>环境涂抹物。结论:诺如病毒可通过食物和水源传播,景区应加强卫生管理,当地政府和卫生部门应加强供水和餐饮从业人员的健康管理及肠道传染病防控力度,并落实健康宣传教育工作,提高群众的预防意识。只有彻底完善景区的卫生设施,重新布局自来水管道,才能把供水安全和食品安全隐患降至最低,促进黄山旅游业的高质量发展。Objective:To investigate an outbreak of norovirus infectious diarrhea epidemic in Qiyun Mountain scenic area of Xiuning County,and analyze the sources of infection and exposure risk factors.Methods:Tourists who dined at a restaurant and restaurant employees in Qiyun Mountain scenic area of Xiuning County during November 17-18,2020 were included in the study.The basic conditions of the restaurant such as dining and water supply and all patients who met the case definition were investigated.Laboratory tests were conducted to carry out epidemiological survey.Results:A total of 7 patients who met the case definition were found,including 5 cases with clinical diagnosis and 3 cases with laboratory diagnosis.The main manifestations of the patients were acute gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea,abdominal pain,nausea and vomiting.The first onset time of these 7 patients was at 14:00 on November 18,2020,and the incidence reached the peak at 2:00 on November 19,2020.All the 7 patients were the restaurant employees,and the consumption of chicken consomme and dried bean curd salad was the influencing factor of norovirus infection(P<0.05).Laboratory test results showed the positive detection rate was ranked as follows:water sample>anal swab>environmental smear.Conclusion:Norovirus can be transmitted through food and water sources.The scenic area should enhance sanitary control,and the local government and health department should strengthen the health management of water supply and catering workers and the prevention and control of intestinal infectious diseases,and implement health publicity and education to improve the public's awareness of prevention.Only by thoroughly improving the sanitation facilities in the scenic area and re-arranging the tap water pipes,the potential hazards for the water supply safety and food safety can be minimized,and the high-quality development of tourism in Huangshan can be promoted.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 感染性腹泻 聚集性疫情 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]