磷酸改性生物炭的制备及其磷素形态研究  

Study on preparation of biochar modified by phosphoric acid and its phosphorus form

作　　者：李佳 谢林花 王淑新 范旭银 雷小利 LI Jia;XIE Lin-hua;WANG Shu-xin;FAN Xu-yin;LEI Xiao-li(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China;Xi′an Longhua Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710018,China;Tongchuan Environmental Monitoring Station,Tongchuan 727000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]西安隆华环保技术有限公司,陕西西安710018 [3]铜川环境监测站,陕西铜川727000

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报》2024年第6期15-23,51,共10页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21677092);陕西科技大学博士科研启动基金项目(2018BJ-27);浙江省温州市科技计划项目(G20180035)。

摘　　要：生物炭作为一种新型的环境功能材料,在改良土壤方面引起广泛关注,而磷酸改性生物炭使其成为富磷生物炭,在改善土壤环境的同时将其作为一种缓释磷肥应对于土壤磷养分贫瘠问题.为了解不同原材料来源的富磷生物炭中磷素形态、含量及磷释放规律,寻求适于制备缓释磷肥的材料,本研究选用玉米和小麦秸秆、稻壳及法桐树皮四种农林废弃物于550℃热解后采用磷酸浸渍法制备富磷生物炭进行实验探究.结果表明:生物炭改性后表面孔隙结构增多,比表面积增大;稻壳生物炭磷累积提取总量最多,释放最快,磷素前期快速释放,后期缓慢释放;磷释放过程与拟二级模型更加吻合,磷释放以化学过程为主;富磷生物炭中磷素主要以H_(2)O-P、NaHCO_(3)-P等适宜植物生长的形式存在,而稻壳生物炭中该种磷素最多;稻壳生物炭综合效果最好,具有作为制备新型缓释磷肥的潜力.Biochar,as a new type of environmental functional material,has attracted wide attention in soil improvement.Phosphoric acid modified biochar makes it phosphorus-rich biochar,which should be used as a slow-release phosphate fertilizer to improve soil environment.In order to understand the form,content and release rules of phosphorus in phosphorous rich biochar from different raw materials,and to search for materials suitable for the preparation of slow-release phosphorus fertilizer,this study selected four kinds of agricultural and forestry wastes of corn and wheat straw,rice husk and farinia bark,and then pyrolyzed at 550℃to prepare phosphorous rich biochar by phosphoric acid maceration method.The results showed that the surface pore structure increased and the specific surface area increased after biochar modification.The total amount of phosphorus from rice husk biochar was the highest and the release was the fastest.Phosphorus was released quickly in the early stage and slowly in the later stage.The phosphorus release process is more consistent with the pseudo-second-order model,and the phosphorus release process is mainly chemical process.H_(2)O-P and NaHCO_(3)-P are the most suitable forms of Phospho-P in the phosphorus-rich biochar,which has the potential to be used as a new type of slow-release phosphate fertilizer.

关 键 词：富磷生物炭 磷累积 磷释放 磷分级 磷素形态 

分 类 号：X7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]