黄腐酸螯合锌、铁叶面肥的制备及其施肥效果研究  

Study on preparation and fertilization effect of fulvic acid chelate zinc and iron foliar fertilizer

作　　者：魏熠曦 强涛涛 王少婷 李冰[2] WEI Yi-xi;QIANG Tao-tao;WANG Shao-ting;LI Bing(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China;Shaanxi Research Institute of Textile Accessories Limited Company,Xianyang 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西纺织器材研究所有限责任公司,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报》2024年第6期79-87,95,共10页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52273268);陕西省科技厅秦创原建设科研计划项目(2022KXJ-165);陕西省西安市未央区科技计划项目(202212)。

摘　　要：以生化黄腐酸(BFA)为原料,通过超声活化法制备黄腐酸叶面肥(ABFA),以ABFA为螯合剂,硫酸亚铁(FeSO_(4))为铁源、硫酸锌(ZnSO_(4))为锌源,制备黄腐酸螯合铁叶面肥(ABFA-Fe)、黄腐酸螯合锌叶面肥(ABFA-Zn).在单因素实验基础上,以螯合率为指标,采用正交实验优化ABFA-Fe、ABFA-Zn最佳制备条件.通过UV-Vis、FT-IR、XPS、XRD和SEM对三种叶面肥的结构与形貌进行了表征.结果表明,ABFA-Fe的最佳制备条件为:pH=5、反应温度50℃、m(ABFA)∶m(FeSO_(4))=1∶2、反应时间60 min,螯合率59.93%;ABFA-Zn的最佳制备条件为:pH=7、反应温度30℃、m(ABFA)∶m(ZnSO_(4))=1∶2、反应时间120 min,螯合率85.93%.种植实验结果表明,ABFA-Fe、ABFA-Zn可有效提高叶片叶绿素含量,促进小油菜生长.Using biochemical humic acid(BFA)as raw material,humic acid leaf fertilizer(ABFA)was prepared by ultrasonic activation method.ABFA was used as a chelating agent,FeSO_(4) as an iron source,and ZnSO_(4) as a zinc source to prepare humic acid chelated iron leaf fertilizer(ABFA-Fe)and humic acid chelated zinc leaf fertilizer(ABFA-Zn).On the basis of single factor experiments,the optimal preparation conditions for ABFA-Fe and ABFA-Zn were optimized using orthogonal experiments with chelation rate as the indicator.The structure and morphology of three types of foliar fertilizers were characterized by UV-Vis,FT-IR,XPS,XRD,and SEM.The results showed that the optimal preparation conditions for ABFA-Fe were pH=5,reaction temperature 50℃,m(ABFA)∶m(FeSO_(4))=1∶2,reaction time 60 minutes,and chelation rate 59.93%;The optimal preparation conditions for ABFA-Zn were:pH=7,reaction temperature 30℃,m(ABFA)∶m(ZnSO_(4))=1∶2,reaction time 120 minutes,and chelation rate 85.93%.The planting experiment results showed that ABFA-Fe and ABFA-Zn can effectively increase the chlorophyll content of leaves and promote the growth of small rapeseed.

关 键 词：生化黄腐酸 黄腐酸螯合铁 黄腐酸螯合锌 螯合 叶面肥 

分 类 号：TQ440.7[化学工程—化学肥料工业]