提高低碳钢转炉终点命中率的工艺优化  

PROCESS OPTIMIZATION FOR IMPROVING CONVERTER ENDPOINT HIT RATE OF LOW-CARBON STEEL

作　　者：王杰文 霍立桥 朱俊涛 田宝生 齐詹 成日金[2] 刘成松 张华[2] Wang Jiewen;Huo liqiao;Zhu Juntao;Tian Baosheng;Qi Zhan;Cheng Rijin;Liu Chengsong;Zhang Hua(Hebei Hot Rolled Plate and Strip Technology Innovation Center,Xingtai 054009,Hebei;Key Laboratory of Iron and Steel Metallurgy and Resource Utilization Jointly Built by the Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]河北省热轧板带钢技术创新中心,河北邢台054009 [2]武汉科技大学钢铁冶金及资源利用省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《河北冶金》2024年第11期44-49,79,共7页Hebei Metallurgy

摘　　要：针对国内某厂90 t转炉生产低碳钢时,脱碳前期溢渣严重、终点命中率低,且造渣料消耗大的问题,对转炉氧枪喷头、脱碳前期氧枪枪位、脱碳末期拉碳时间、造渣料加入量及方式和底吹工艺模式进行了优化。首先,调整了转炉氧枪喷头参数,使其拥有更好的搅拌效果;同时,调整氧枪前期枪位,将前期提枪压渣时间提前0.5 min,避免出现溢渣现象;其次,减少造渣料的加入量,根据原工艺的终点炉渣成分计算出其碱度和硫、磷分配比,确定适宜的碱度并计算出石灰的加入量;最后,将底吹流量由0.027 m^(3)/(t·min)增大至0.069 m^(3)/(t·min),同时延长吹炼后期压枪拉碳时间10~15 s,提高终点碳含量命中率。工业试验结果表明,新工艺终点温度命中率(t≥1630℃)提高8.96%,终点碳含量命中率(%C≤0.06%)提高24.91%,终点磷(ω(P)≤0.020%)和硫命中率(ω(S)≤0.020%)分别提升8.4%和17.32%;造渣料(石灰石和石灰)总量减少4.88 kg/t钢;同时冶炼时间缩短了0.5 min,提高了生产效率。In response to the problems of severe slag overflow in the early stage of decarbonization,low endpoint hit rate,and high consumption of slag forming materials during the production of low-carbon steel in a 90 ton converter in a domestic factory,the oxygen lance nozzle of the converter,the position of the oxygen lance in the early stage of decarbonization,the carbon pulling time in the late stage of decarbonization,the amount and method of slag forming materials added,and the bottom blowing process mode were optimized.Firstly,the parameters of the oxygen lance nozzle in the converter were adjusted to achieve better stirring effect.At the same time,adjust the position of the oxygen gun in the early stage and advance the slag pressing time by 0.5 minutes to avoid slag overflow.Secondly,reduce the amount of slag material added,calculate its alkalinity and sulfur phosphorus ratio based on the endpoint slag composition of the original process,determine the appropriate alkalinity,and calculate the amount of lime added.Finally,the bottom blowing flow rate was increased from 0.027 m^(3)/(t·min)to 0.069 m^(3)/(t·min),and the carbon pulling time of the pressure gun in the later stage of blowing was extended by 10~15 seconds to improve the accuracy of the endpoint carbon content.The industrial test results show that the new process increases the endpoint temperature hit rate(t≥1630℃)by 8.96%,endpoint carbon content hit rate(%C≤0.06%)by 24.91%,endpoint phosphorus(ω(P)≤0.020%)and sulfur hit rates(ω(S)≤0.020%)by 8.4%and 17.32%,respectively.The total amount of slag materials(limestone and lime)decreased by 4.88 kg/t of steel.At the same time,the smelting time was shortened by 0.5 minutes,which improved production efficiency.

关 键 词：转炉 低碳钢 终点命中率 氧枪枪位 造渣料 

分 类 号：TF713[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]