喂养方式对婴儿肠道短链脂肪酸与双歧杆菌的影响以及与过敏性疾病的关系  

Effects of infant feeding patterns on intestinal short-chain fatty acids and Bifidobacteria in early life and their relationship with allergic diseases

作　　者：陈菲 许晓林 李亚彭 程如越 何方 沈曦 CHEN Fei;XU Xiao-lin;LI Ya-peng;CHENG Ru-yue;HE Fang;SHEN Xi(Department of West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第22期4096-4100,4146,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.82003453)。

摘　　要：目的观察母乳喂养对婴儿肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸的影响进而如何影响婴儿过敏发生。方法本研究在已有的母婴队列中采用巢式病例对照研究方法,选取48例婴儿作为研究对象,分为健康/过敏混合喂养和母乳喂养组。在15天、1个月、6个月和12个月时收集粪便样本。使用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)测定样品中3种短链脂肪酸的含量,采用实时荧光定量PCR对婴儿粪便中双歧杆菌进行定量分析。结果喂养方式主要影响15天和1个月时的双歧杆菌。健康混合喂养婴儿在15天时的双歧杆菌水平显著高于过敏混合喂养婴儿(7.75±0.60 CFU/g vs 6.28±0.28 CFU/g,t=2.232,P=0.047)。在1个月时,健康混合喂养婴儿的双歧杆菌水平高于健康母乳喂养婴儿(8.01±0.50 CFU/g vs 6.62±0.13 CFU/g,t=2.712,P=0.027)。不同喂养方式健康组与过敏组婴儿主要短链脂肪酸存在差异。第15天时,健康母乳组的乙酸含量显著高于过敏母乳组和健康混合组(1035.10μg/g vs 285.55±90.64μg/g,t=3.698,P=0.034;1035.10μg/g vs 406.11±63.19μg/g,t=3.148,P=0.014),健康混合组的丙酸含量高于过敏混合组(128.00±32.24μg/g vs 12.61±3.90μg/g,t=3.553,P=0.007)。第6月和12月时,健康混合组的丙酸含量低于过敏混合组。不同喂养方式的健康组和过敏组婴儿肠道短链脂肪酸与双歧杆菌存在不同程度的相关。在健康组中,混合喂养婴儿双歧杆菌与短链脂肪酸之间显现出一种简单且稳定的关系,而在过敏组中,短链脂肪酸与双歧杆菌的关系错综复杂,无明显规律。结论喂养方式通过影响婴儿肠道菌群以及短链脂肪酸进而影响婴儿过敏发生。混合喂养的婴儿更易发生过敏;母乳喂养对于过敏婴儿肠道具有显著的保护作用。Objective To observe the effects of breastfeeding on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in infants and how they affect the occurrence of infant allergies.Methods A nested case-control study was conducted in an existing mother-infant cohort.A total of 48 infants were selected as study subjects and divided into a healthy/allergic mixed feeding group and a breastfeeding group.Fecal samples were collected at 15 days,1 month,6 months,and 12 months.The contents of three SCFAs in the samples were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the bifidobacteria in infant feces were quantitatively analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Results Feeding patterns mainly affected bifidobacteria at 15 days and 1 month.The bifidobacteria level in healthy mixed-fed infants was significantly higher than that in allergic mixed-fed infants at 15 days(7.75±0.60 CFU/g vs 6.28±0.28 CFU/g,t=2.232,P=0.047).At 1 month,the bifidobacteria level in healthy mixed-fed infants was higher than that in healthy breastfed infants(8.01±0.50 CFU/g vs 6.62±0.13 CFU/g,t=2.712,P=0.027).There were differences in the main SCFAs between healthy and allergic infants with different feeding patterns.On day 15,the acetic acid content in the healthy breastfeeding group was significantly higher than that in the allergic breastfeeding group and the healthy mixed feeding group(1035.10μg/g vs 285.55±90.64μg/g,t=3.698,P=0.034;1035.10μg/g vs 406.11±63.19μg/g,t=3.148,P=0.014),and the propionic acid content in the healthy mixed feeding group was higher than that in the allergic mixed feeding group(128.00±32.24μg/g vs 12.61±3.90μg/g,t=3.553,P=0.007).At 6 and 12 months,the propionic acid content in the healthy mixed feeding group was lower than that in the allergic mixed feeding group.There were varying degrees of correlation between SCFAs and bifidobacteria in the intestines of healthy and allergic infants with different feeding patterns.In the healthy group,a simple and stable relationship between bifidobacteri

关 键 词：婴儿喂养方式 过敏 短链脂肪酸 双歧杆菌 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]