巨厚煤层开采扰动特征及大直径钻孔卸压效果研究  

Mining disturbance characteristics of huge thick coal seams and pressure relief effect of large-diameter boreholes

作　　者：夏宏根 XIA Honggen(CHN Energy Zhundong No.2 Mine,Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团准东二矿,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《陕西煤炭》2024年第12期1-8,共8页Shaanxi Coal

摘　　要：深部巨厚煤层开采时煤岩体具有一定的冲击危险性,为了保障巷道的安全掘进,对巷道推进时围岩应力分布和能量演化规律进行研究,通过对大直径钻孔卸压机理进行研究,设计合理的卸压方案。利用数值模拟对大直径钻孔卸压方案进行模拟,研究实施卸压方案后巷道围岩应力及能量是否得到有效释放,为保障巷道掘进时的正常与安全。研究结果表明,当巷道正常掘进时,两帮垂直应力在巷道两帮深约3 m位置处分别达到垂直应力最大值23.8 MPa、23.7 MPa。迎头的垂直应力在巷道迎头深约2.5 m位置处达到水平应力最大值23.4 MPa。在巷道左右两帮能量最大处其能量均为1.97×10^(5)J。在巷道迎头前方2.5 m位置处其能量达到最大值为1.77×10^(5)J,随着距巷道围岩距离增加能量逐渐趋于稳定。对巷道施加大直径钻孔卸压措施后,巷道围岩两帮、底板及迎头的应力和能量得到有效释放。本研究表明,大直径钻孔卸压对巷道围岩高应力、高能量集中区域的释放作用显著,保障了巷道的安全开采。In order to ensure the safe excavation of the roadway,the stress distribution and energy evolution law of the surrounding rock during the roadway advancement are studied,the pressure relief mechanism of the large diameter borehole is studied,and a reasonable pressure relief scheme is designed.Numerical simulation is used to simulate the pressure relief scheme of large-diameter boreholes,and whether the stress and energy of the surrounding rock of the roadway are effectively released after the implementation of the pressure relief scheme is studied,so as to ensure the usual and safe roadway excavation.The results show that:When the roadway is excavated normally,the vertical stress of the two sides reaches the maximum vertical stress of 23.8 MPa and 23.7 MPa,respectively,at the position of about 3 m deep in the roadway.The vertical stress of the head-on reaches the maximum horizontal stress of 23.4 MPa at the position of about 2.5 m deep in the roadway.At the maximum energy of the left and right sides of the roadway,the energy is 1.97×10^(5)J.At the position of 2.5 m in front of the roadway,the maximum energy reaches 1.77×10^(5)J,and the energy gradually stabilizes with the increase of distance from the surrounding rock of the roadway.After the large-diameter borehole pressure relief measures are applied to the roadway,the stress and energy of the two sides of the surrounding rock of the roadway,the floor and the head-on are effectively released.This study shows that the pressure relief of large-diameter borehole has a significant effect on the release of high stress and high energy concentration areas of the surrounding rock of the roadway,which ensures the safe mining of the roadway.

关 键 词：应力分布 能量演化 卸压机理 大直径钻孔卸压 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]