基于力学模型和数值模拟的软岩巷道泥岩底鼓治理及控制技术研究  

Treatment and control of mudstone floor heave in soft rock roadway based on mechanical model and numerical simulation

作　　者：高建峰 白世涛 刘飞 张一铭 GAO Jianfeng;BAI Shitao;LIU Fei;ZHANG Yiming(Huanghaojie Coal Mine,Shaanxi Yuansheng Coal Industry,Yulin 719108,China;Colloege of Energy Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西元盛煤业黄蒿界煤矿,陕西榆林719108 [2]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《陕西煤炭》2024年第12期9-14,30,共7页Shaanxi Coal

摘　　要：随着煤炭逐渐向深部开采,巷道的变形破坏问题也随之而来,为研究软岩巷道在生产过程中受采动与构造应力影响时的底鼓变形失稳规律,以黄蒿界煤矿1506工作面回风巷为研究背景,根据软岩巷道的破坏特征,运用滑移线理论建立软岩巷道力学结构模型,通过力学分析,计算出了巷道底板的破坏深度和巷道底板锚索的支护参数。通过数值计算对巷道原始支护与联合控制支护下巷道底板的破坏机理以及应力演化过程进行分析。研究表明,巷道底板由于发生变形使巷道两帮形成了应力集中区域,并通过两帮传递至底板,使得底板在向巷道的自由空间变形;并基于此提出了底板切槽与锚索联合支护控制。试验结果表明,巷道底板变形量相较于原始支护条件下减少了52%,验证了其支护的可行性。通过现场试验阶段应用结果表明,平均底鼓量较同未联合控制前降低了80%,有效的控制了软岩巷道底鼓现象,同时验证了巷道底板支护参数的合理性,为相同地质条件下的巷道底鼓问题提供了一定的帮助。As coal mining progresses deeper,the associated deformation and failure of roadways become increasingly prevalent.This study investigates the deformation and instability patterns of floor heave in soft rock roadways,influenced by operational and tectonic stresses.Taking the return airway of the 1506 working face in Anyang Coal Mine as a case study,and employing slip line theory,a mechanical structural model of the soft rock roadway was developed to analyze its failure characteristics.The roadway floor’s failure depth and the optimal parameters for the floor anchor cable’s support were calculated by mechanical analysis.Numerical simulations were conducted to explore the failure mechanism and the stress evolution process of the roadway floor under both original and combined control supports.Our findings indicate that deformation induces a stress concentration area around the roadway sides,which then propagates to the floor,causing it to deform into the roadway’s free space.Consequently,a combined support strategy involving floor grooving and anchor cabling was proposed.Experimental results demonstrated a 52%reduction in floor deformation under the combined support compared to the original,thus confirming its effectiveness.Field application further showed an 80%decrease in average floor heave with the combined control,significantly mitigating the soft rock roadway’s floor heave issue.Additionally,the study validates the support parameters’efficacy,offering insights into addressing floor heave problems under similar geological conditions.

关 键 词：软岩巷道 底鼓机理 切槽卸压 补偿支护 

分 类 号：TD327.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]