5个月季品种花期花粉生活力观测及授粉亲和性研究  

Observation on Pollen Viability During Flowering Period and Study on Pollination Compatibility of Five Rose Varieties

作　　者：马心怡 安晓芹[1] 蔺国仓[2] 孙美乐[2] 陈秋鹏 王婧雯 宁世华 MA Xin-yi;AN Xiao-qin;LIN Guo-cang;SUN Mei-le;CHEN Qiu-peng;WANG Jing-wen;NING Shi-hua(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,PRC;Comprehensive Testing Ground,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830012,PRC;Xinjiang Yutian Queme Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Hetian 848400,PRC;Nanjing Flower Park Management Office,Nanjing 210037,PRC)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院综合试验场,新疆乌鲁木齐830012 [3]新疆于田瑰觅生物科技股份有限公司,新疆和田848400 [4]南京市花卉公园管理处,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2024年第11期1-5,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1100604)。

摘　　要：观测5个月季品种花期进程花粉萌发及花粉管伸长变化动态,探究各品种自交、自然杂交以及品种间杂交、种间远缘杂交正反交授粉亲和性。结果表明:整个花期内5个月季品种花粉萌发率在1.35%~12.50%之间,花粉管长度在13.17~17.57μm之间,随花期进程各品种花粉萌发率变化幅度较小,花粉管长度则不同程度降低,冰泉之恋花粉生活力始终最高,蓝丝带与慷慨园丁则整体较低。5个月季品种自交结实率在0%~20.0%之间仅云彩霞自交不亲和;自然杂交结实率在30.0%~60.0%之间;品种间杂交结实率在0%~40.0%之间,6组正交与3组反交不亲和;种间远缘杂交结实率在0%~33.3%之间,2种玫瑰为母本的反交组合均有结实且结实率均高于正交,各月季品种与和田沙漠玫瑰亲和性更高,8组正交不亲和。综上,5个月季品种花期以6月花粉生活力最高,自交、自然杂交、品种间正反交、种间远缘杂交正反交亲和性差异较大,受花粉生活力以及亲本组合影响。The dynamic changes of pollen germination and pollen tube elongation during the flowering process of five rose varieties were observed,and the pollination compatibility of self-crossing,natural hybridization,inter-varietal hybridization,and inter-species distant hybridization was explored.The results show that during the whole flowering period,the pollen germination rate of five rose varieties ranges from 1.35%to 12.50%,and the pollen tube length ranges from 13.17μm to 17.57μm.With the flowering process,the variation range of pollen germination rate of each variety is small,and the pollen tube length decreases to varying degrees.The pollen viability of Bingquanzhilian is always the highest,while that of Lansidai and Kangkaiyuanding is generally low.The seed setting rate of five rose varieties by self-crossing is between 0%and 20.0%,with only Yuncaixia showing self-incompatibility.The seed setting rate by natural hybridization is between 30.0%and 60.0%,and that by inter-varietal hybridization is between 0%and 40.0%.Six orthogonal groups and three reciprocal cross groups are incompatible.The seed setting rate by inter-species distant hybridization is between 0%and 33.3%.The reciprocal combinations of two roses as female parents all have seed setting,and the seed setting rate is higher than that of orthogonal combinations.Each rose variety has higher compatibility with Hetianshamo,and eight orthogonal groups show incompatibility.In summary,the pollen viability of the five rose varieties is the highest in June,and the compatibility of self-crossing,natural hybridization,inter-varietal orthogonal and reciprocal cross,and orthogonal and reciprocal cross of inter-species distant hybridization is significantly different,which is affected by pollen viability and parental combinations.

关 键 词：月季品种 花期 花粉生活力 远缘杂交 杂交亲和性 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]