轻简型棉花播种机设计与试验  

Design and Test of a Light and Simple Cotton Seeder

作　　者：卢薇 罗江河 李明 廖良秀 张朝臣 李辉 LU Wei;LUO Jiang-he;LI Ming;LIAO Liang-xiu;ZHANG Chao-chen;LI Hui(Agricultural Equipment Institute of Hunan,Changsha 410125,PRC;Hengyang Bureau of Agricultural and Rural Affairs,Hengyang 421299,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业装备研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]衡阳县农业农村局,湖南衡阳421299

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2024年第11期81-86,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2023年湖南省棉花科技创新项目;2022—2026年湖南省棉花产业技术体系。

摘　　要：为解决湖南省丘陵山区小田块棉花播种劳动强度大、生产效率低和用工成本高等问题,基于棉花种植农艺要求,研制了一种轻简型棉花播种机,并以穴粒数合格率、穴距合格率、播种深度合格率和出苗率为指标测试其播种性能。该播种机主要由电动三轮车、机架、鸭嘴穴播器、电动推杆和调整装置等部分组成,可一次完成双行播种作业。试验结果表明:当前进速度为1.0 m/s时,穴粒数合格率、穴距合格率、播种深度合格率和出苗率分别为93.33%、95.56%、90.00%、78.89%,出苗情况良好,满足棉花的种植要求。Cotton planting in small fields in the hilly mountainous areas of Hunan Province faces the problems of high labor intensity,low productivity,and high labor costs.Considering the agronomic requirements of cotton planting,a light and simple cotton seeder was developed,and its sowing performance was evaluated based on the qualified rates of seeds per hill,hill spacing,and seeding depth and the seedling emergence rate.The seeder was mainly composed of an electric tricycle,a frame,a duckbill pattern dibbler,an electric pusher,and an adjustment device.It could complete the double row seeding operation at one time.The test results showed that at the moving speed of 1.0 m/s,the qualified rates of seeds per hill,hill spacing,and seeding depth and the seedling emergence rate were 93.33%,95.56%,90.00%,and 78.89%,respectively.Moreover,the seedling emergence was satisfactory,which met the requirements of cotton planting.

关 键 词：棉花 播种机 轻简型 设计 试验 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]