宿主诱导的基因沉默在菌核病防治中的应用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Application of Host-Induced Gene Silencing in the Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

作　　者：曹建承 农杰英 陈祎 夏石头[1] CAO Jian-cheng;NONG Jie-ying;CHEN Yi;XIA Shi-tou(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学植物激素与生长发育湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2024年第11期102-106,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971836);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20230686)。

摘　　要：核盘菌是一种全球性的破坏性植物病原真菌,其引起的菌核病造成了油菜等作物的严重减产。目前核盘菌病害防控主要依赖化学杀菌剂,过度施用不仅容易造成环境污染而且会增加致病真菌的抗药性。然而,基于RNAi的宿主诱导基因沉默(HIGS)技术提供了一种新型有效且环境友好的菌核病防治方法。因此,笔者重点阐述了HIGS技术的基本原理、潜在靶标的筛选方法以及该技术在菌核病防治中的实际应用研究进展,讨论了应用HIGS技术防治菌核病的优缺点并对该技术的未来发展进行了展望。Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a global destructive plant pathogenic fungus.Sclerotinia disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has resulted in severe yield reduction in crops such as rapeseed.Currently,the control of S.sclerotiorum primarily relies on chemical fungicides.However,excessive usage of these fungicides could not only cause environmental pollution but also increase the fungicide resistance of pathogenic fungus.RNA interference(RNAi)-based host-induced gene silencing(HIGS)technology offers a novel,effective and environmentally friendly approach for controlling fungal diseases in crops.Hence,the basic principles of HIGS,methods for target site selection,as well as the research progress on its application in controlling plant sclerotinia diseases were reviewed in this paper.Additionally,the advantages and disadvantages as well as future development of this technology were also discussed.

关 键 词：宿主诱导的基因沉默 菌核病 靶位点筛选 抗病性 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]