生物质活性炭再生技术的研究进展  

Research progress of biomass activated carbon regeneration technology

作　　者：穆亚玲 师进文[1] 魏雯雯 金辉[1] MU Yaling;SHI Jinwen;WEI Wenwen;JIN Hui(State Key Laboratory of Power Engineering Multiphase Flow,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2024年第6期36-46,共11页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：陕西省统筹创新链资助项目(2024GX-YBXM-518)。

摘　　要：生物质活性炭作为一种广泛应用于环境治理和资源回收的材料,其再生技术无疑具有重要的实际应用价值。目前,常用的生物质活性炭再生技术包括热再生、化学再生、微波再生、电化学再生、生物再生、湿式氧化再生、超临界流体再生以及臭氧再生。其中,热再生技术应用最为广泛,化学再生技术设备简单且成本较低,微波再生技术能够精准控制再生参数并快速处理废活性炭,电化学再生技术可低温操作且具有良好的再生稳定性,生物再生技术可减少化学试剂的使用且较为环保,湿式氧化再生技术处理活性炭时质量损失较少且能耗较低,超临界流体再生技术通过使用可回收且无污染的溶剂实现再生,臭氧技术可在常温常压下实现再生且有利于工艺的经济性。综述了以上几种活性炭再生技术,并简要分析了各类方法的再生机理、技术特点以及研究现状。Biomass activated carbon regeneration technology is widely used for environmental treatment and resource recovery.Various regeneration methods are available,including thermal,chemical,microwave,electrochemical,biological,wet oxidation,supercritical fluid,and ozone regeneration.Among these methods,thermal regeneration is the most widely used.Chemical regeneration is a simple and cost-effective option.Microwave regeneration allows for accurate control of regeneration parameters and quick processing of spent activated carbon.Electrochemical regeneration can be operated at low temperatures and has good regeneration stability.Biological regeneration technology is a more environmentally friendly option as it can reduce the use of chemicals.Wet oxidation regeneration technology can treat activated carbon with less loss of quality and lower energy consumption.Supercritical fluid regeneration technology uses recyclable and non-polluting solvents.Ozone technology is another option for regenerating spent activated carbon at room temperature and pressure,which can be beneficial for the process economics.The article reviews these technologies and provides an analysis of each method′s regeneration mechanism,technical characteristics,and current research status.

关 键 词：生物质制炭 废物再利用 活性炭再生 超临界流体 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]