烟气VOCs净化催化剂中毒机制研究进展  

Research progress on the poisoning mechanism of flue gas VOCs purification catalysts

作　　者：王大道 杨雪芹 马子晴 朱秀红[1] 茹广欣[1] 郭郁葱[3] 于晓琳 葛茂发[3] WANG Dadao;YANG Xueqin;MA Ziqing;ZHU Xiuhong;RU Guangxin;GUO Yucong;YU Xiaolin;GE Maofa(College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,河南郑州450046 [2]北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院,北京100083 [3]中国科学院化学研究所分子动态与稳态结构国家重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2024年第6期68-80,共13页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22006032,42175133);河南省科技攻关资助项目(222102320022)。

摘　　要：在工业环境中,烟气组分复杂,催化剂常因烟气杂质而中毒失活,严重制约其在实际应用中的效果。综述了挥发性有机物(VOCs)催化氧化机理、烟气杂质对VOCs净化催化剂的毒害作用以及新型抗中毒催化剂的构筑,旨在探讨缓解催化剂中毒的方法。在氧化机理方面,催化氧化可分为Marse-van Krevelen、Langmuir-Hinshelwooch和Eley-Rideal 3种模型。在催化剂毒害机制方面,工业烟气中存在的水汽、SO_(2)、含硫/含氯VOCs及其催化中间产物等与目标反应物竞争吸附,占据催化剂的活性位点或与其发生化学反应,降低催化剂的活性,甚至造成催化剂的中毒失活。为了构筑抗毒催化剂,可以通过改性催化剂载体、修饰催化剂表面、引入保护剂/抑制剂和构建双金属催化剂等策略,以提高催化剂的抗中毒性能。通过研究烟气VOCs净化催化剂中毒机制,并探讨有效的解决方案,有助于开发实用型高性能催化剂,为工业烟气治理提供理论指导,从而促进工业烟气高效治理。In the industrial environment,the composition of flue gas is complex,and impurities in flue gas can lead to catalyst poisoning and deactivation,which severely restricts their application in practice.This paper reviews the catalytic oxidation mechanism of VOCs,the poisoning effect of flue gas impurities on VOCs purification catalysts,and the construction of novel anti-poisoning catalysts.Furthermore,methods to alleviate catalyst poisoning are discussed.In terms of the oxidation mechanism,there are three catalytic oxidation models:Marse-van Krevelen,Langmuir-Hinshelwooch,and Eley-Rideal.Regarding the poisoning mechanism of catalysts,water vapor,SO_(2),sulfur/chlorinecontaining VOCs,and their catalytic intermediates in industrial flue gas compete with the target reactants for adsorption sites.This competition occupies or reacts with the active sites of the catalyst,thus reducing its activity and even causing catalyst poisoning and inactivation.To construct antipoisoning catalysts,the anti-poisoning performance of catalysts was improved by modifying catalyst supports,embellishing catalyst surfaces,introducing protectants/inhibitors,and constructing bimetallic catalysts.Based on the poisoning mechanism of VOCs purification catalysts in flue gas,the discussion and analysis of effective strategies will facilitate developing practical high-performance catalysts,provide theoretical guidance for industrial flue gas treatment,and promote the efficient removal of industrial flue gas.

关 键 词：工业烟气 VOCS 催化剂 氧化机理 中毒机制 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]