不同接种物发酵沼渣热解制炭对比研究  

Comparative study on charcoal production by pyrolysis of fermented sludge with different inoculants

作　　者：穆兰 许秦洁 蒋晨光 武文竹 石岩 李宁[4] 孙昱楠 陶俊宇 斯航 MU Lan;XU Qinjie;JIANG Chenguang;WU Wenzhu;SHI Yan;LI Ning;SUN Yunan;TAO Junyu;SI Hang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China;Environmental Energy+X Innovation Laboratory,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China;College of Biotechnology and Food Science,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Metener Company,Helsinki 41310,Finland)

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学机械工程学院,天津300134 [2]天津商业大学环境能源+X创新实验室,天津300134 [3]天津商业大学生物技术与食品科学学院,天津300134 [4]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350 [5]Metener公司,芬兰赫尔辛基41310

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2024年第6期188-198,共11页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发政府间国际科技创新合作项目(2022YFE0125100)。

摘　　要：厌氧发酵是农村有机废弃物能源化转化的重要手段之一,沼渣的高效资源化利用对于促进农业农村低碳能源利用及可持续发展具有重要意义。接种物为发酵过程提供特定的微生物群落,直接影响发酵启动速度、有机物去除率、沼气产量及沼渣品质。为探究不同接种物厌氧发酵对生物质热解行为的影响,以污泥和瘤胃液2种常见和较少见的厌氧发酵接种物为例,对玉米秸秆厌氧消化沼渣进行研究。通过热重和多谱联用分析厌氧发酵前后物料的热解特性,并对热解炭进行了表征。结果表明,沼渣热解所需的表观活化能高于未经发酵的原料,具有更高的热稳定性;污泥发酵沼渣热解活化能较瘤胃液接种沼渣更高;热解过程中,挥发性产物主要以酚类和羰基化合物为主;沼渣热解炭的产率显著高于原料热解炭,且均超过60%;相较于原料热解炭,沼渣热解炭表面粗糙度和多孔结构大幅增加,比表面积和孔隙率增高,同时,污泥沼渣热解炭的比表面积和孔隙率均高于瘤胃液沼渣热解炭,但后者中吡咯-N的相对含量更高,可为沼渣资源化利用提供参考。To investigate the effects of anaerobic fermentation with different inoculants on the pyrolysis behavior of biomass,this study used biogas residues from anaerobic digestion of corn straw inoculated with rumen fluid and sludge as examples.The pyrolysis characteristics of the materials before and after anaerobic fermentation were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(PY-GC-MS),and the resulting biochar was characterized.The results indicated that the apparent activation energy required for the pyrolysis of biogas residues was higher than that of the raw material before fermentation,indicating greater thermal stability.Furthermore,the activation energy required for the pyrolysis of sludge-fermented biogas residues was higher than that for rumen fluid-fermented biogas residues.The volatile products generated during pyrolysis were predominantly phenolic compounds and carbonyl compounds.The biochar yield from biogas residues was significantly higher than that of the raw material,exceeding 60%in both cases.Compared to the raw material,biochar from biogas residue showed increased surface roughness and porosity,resulting in higher specific surface area and porosity.Additionally,the biochar from sludge fermentation had a higher specific surface area and porosity than that from rumen fluid fermentation,though the relative content of pyrrolic-N was higher in the latter.This study provides a reference for the resource utilization of biogas residues.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 沼渣 热解炭 热解动力学 多谱联用 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]