户籍的重量:农村集体经济组织法人成员资格确认标准释论  

The Weight of Household Registration:Interpretation of the Criteria for Recognizing the Le⁃gal Membership of Rural Collective Economic Organizations

作　　者：温世扬[1] 刘昶 Wen Shiyang;Liu Chang

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《广东社会科学》2024年第6期239-253,I0008,共16页Social Sciences in Guangdong

基　　金：温世扬主持的国家社会科学基金重点项目“数字时代人格权益民法保护的挑战与应对研究”(项目号23AFX020)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《农村集体经济组织法》并未完全解决成员资格认定的问题。在成员资格确权时,户籍作为成员资格确认的首要标准,对于户籍仍然保留在集体经济组织的人员不需要以“与农村集体经济组织形成稳定的权利义务关系”“以集体所有的土地等财产为基本生活保障”作为限制条件。通过历史考察可得,虽然农村户籍的赋权功能在不同阶段有不同内涵,但是户籍作为农民在集体化政策时期为集体资产形成作出贡献的证明,以户籍赋权系尊重历史的体现,故前述两项限制条件不构成户籍赋权的前提。况且,作为相对稳定的公示方式,户籍呈现出唯一性与确定性的特征,以户籍赋权可以实现集体所有权的事实归属,并可避免成员资格标准的实质化带来的弊端。然而,以户籍作为赋权的唯一标准不仅忽视了不断变化的生产生活关系,且易误将户籍存续作为集体成员资格保留之前提,故应以成员权确权为时间节点,区分特定情形下户籍与成员资格相分离的不同标准。The Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations does not fully resolve the issue of membership determination.In determining membership,household registration is used as the primary criterion for confirming membership,and those whose household registration remains with the collective economic organization are not required to“form a stable relationship of rights and obligations with the rural collective economic organization”or“use collectively owned land and other property as basic livelihood security”as a limiting condition.Through historical investigation,it can be seen that,although the empowering function of the rural household register has different connotations at different stages,the household register serves as proof of the contribution of peasants to the formation of collective assets during the period of collectivization policy,and the empowerment of people by the household register is a manifestation of respect for history;therefore,the two aforementioned limitations do not constitute a prerequisite for the empowerment of people by the household register.Moreover,as a relatively stable means of public announcement,the household register presents the characteristics of uniqueness and certainty,and the empowerment by household register can realize the factual attribution of collective ownership and avoid the drawbacks brought about by the materialization of membership criteria.However,the use of household registration as the sole criterion for empowerment not only ignores the ever-changing relations of production and life,but also makes it easy to mistakenly take the continuation of household registration as a prerequisite for the retention of collective membership,and should therefore take the confirmation of the right to membership as a point in time to distinguish between the different criteria for separating household registration from membership in specific circumstances.

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织法人 户籍 成员权 折股量化 实际生产生活 

分 类 号：D922.4[政治法律—法学] D631.42