中国海上风电平台通达与登乘技术现状与展望  

Accessibility and boarding technology for offshore wind power platforms in China:current status and future prospects

作　　者：喻西崇 尚景宏 刘超 吴雨霏 王云鹏 YU Xichong;SHANG Jinghong;LIU Chao;WU Yufei;WANG Yunpeng(CNOOC (China) Co.Ltd.Beijing New Energy Branch)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司北京新能源分公司

出　　处：《油气储运》2024年第11期1224-1230,共7页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

基　　金：中国海油“十四五”重大科技项目“海上风电智慧运维技术”,KJZX-2022-12-XNY-0401。

摘　　要：【目的】海上风电平台大都采用无人平台,运行环境复杂、可达性差、出海窗口期短等因素导致运维成本高昂,因而运维人员、物资在船舶与风机之间的安全快速转移成为海上风电运维亟需解决的问题。【方法】结合中国海上风电场的实际情况,系统梳理了单体船、双体船、三体船、小水线面船、运维母船5种常用的海上风电运维船舶特点,进而全面分析了不带运动补偿系统的登靠技术、带波浪运动补偿系统的登靠技术以及直升机登靠风机平台等海上风电平台登乘技术现状、特点及影响因素。【结果】以南海某远海风电场为例,对双体船、运维母船以及在换流站旁新增一座固定式生活支持平台3种通达运维方案进行对比分析,综合考虑可达性及成本费用,推荐采用换流站旁新增一座固定式生活支持平台、风电场内人员采用转运船转运的运维通达方案。【结论】基于海上风电发展的迫切需求及现代科学技术的发展趋势,提出深远海浮式风电场登乘与通达性技术及装备、海上风电智能化与智慧运维技术与装备、重型无人机与载人飞行器登靠与通达技术及装备以及海上风电登乘与通达技术标准4个未来重点攻关方向,并基于当前垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL)的技术优势,建议开展eVTOL在海上风电场登乘与运维领域的示范应用,以推动海上风电全产业链高质量发展。(图2,表4,参22)[Objective] Most offshore wind power platforms are unmanned,resulting in high operation and maintenance costs due to the complex operating environment,limited accessibility,and short time window for going offshore.Consequently,ensuring the safe and efficient transfer of personnel and materials between vessels and wind turbine generators has become a critical challenge in offshore wind power operation and maintenance.[Methods] Based on the operational context of offshore wind farms in China,the characteristics of five commonly used vessels for offshore wind power operation and maintenance were examined,including monohull,catamaran,trimaran,small waterplane area vessel,and service operation vessel.Then the current status,characteristics and influencing factors of the boarding technologies for offshore wind power platforms were analyzed,including those without motion compensation systems and with wave motion compensation systems,as well as helicopter-assisted boarding.[Results] Using an offshore wind farm in the South China Sea as a case study,three access options for operation and maintenance were compared and analyzed:catamarans,service operation vessels,and a fixed life support platform adjacent to the converter station.Considering accessibility and costs,it is recommended to adopt the option with a fixed life support platform adjacent to the converter station,supplemented by shuttle carriers for personnel transfer within the wind farm.[Conclusion] In response to the urgent needs of offshore wind power development and trends in modern science and technology,four key research directions are proposed:(1) boarding technologies and equipment for improved accessibility of far-sea/deep-sea floating wind farms;(2) intelligent operation and maintenance technologies and equipment for offshore wind power;(3) technologies and equipment for boarding using heavy lift drones and loading aircraft;(4) technical standards for boarding and accessibility of offshore wind power platforms.Additionally,leveraging the technical advanta

关 键 词：海上风电 登乘 可达性 智慧运维 重型无人机 载人飞行器 

分 类 号：TE821[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]