超大城市韧性建设:美国纽约的经验与启示  

MEGACITY RESILIENCE BUILDING:NEW YORK’S EXPERIENCE AND ENLIGHTENMENT

作　　者：陶希东[1] TAO Xidong

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院智库研究中心

出　　处：《城市规划》2024年第11期121-128,共8页City Planning Review

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学基金一般项目(2022JG001-BSH585)“社区应对重大公共危机事件的韧性治理研究”。

摘　　要：随着气候变化和人类社会流动性加剧,人类进入一个充满不确定性的“高风险社会”,其中超大城市越来越成为风险高发地,建设韧性城市成为超大城市的战略新选择。面对诸多自然和人为风险的加剧,纽约主要通过设立专职机构、编制总体韧性规划、升级改造硬件设施、分区规划海岸洪水区域、注重社区韧性建设、加强网络韧性等重大举措,旨在提升城市应对灾害的韧性水平。中国超大城市在韧性城市建设中,在借鉴国际经验基础上,注重因地制宜,重点采取5个策略:加快推动有利于韧性城市建设的组织变革与创新;编制全面体现韧性理念的总体规划和专项规划方案;建构助推基础设施更新的金融投资支持体系;推行城市能源供给及空间布局的分布式设计;打造以社区生活共同体为主体的基层社区韧性框架。With climate change and the increasing mobility of human society,human beings have entered a“high-risk society”full of uncertainty.Building resilient cities has become a new strategic choice for megacities as they are increasingly becoming high-risk places.Faced with increasingly worsened natural and man-made risks,New York intends to improve its resilience to disasters mainly through establishing full-time institutions,formulating the overall resilience plan,upgrading hardware facilities,zoning of coastal flood areas,focusing on community resilience building,and strengthening network resilience.Drawing on international experience,Chinese megacities should focus on five strategies for building resilience based on local conditions:accelerating organizational innovation that is conducive to building resilient cities;formulating the overall plan and special plan that fully reflect the concept of resilience;developing a financial investment support system to promote the upgrading of infrastructure;promoting the distributed design of urban energy supply and spatial layout;establishing a resilience framework for grassroots communities.

关 键 词：超大城市 韧性城市 纽约 经验 启示 

分 类 号：TU984.116[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]