多排阀口水液压安全阀动态开启与气蚀特性研究  

Study of Dynamic Opening and Cavitation Characteristics of Water Hydraulic Safety Valves with Multiple Valve Ports

作　　者：陈跃强 吕善超 李聚领 姬会福 CHEN Yueqiang;LYU Shanchao;LI Juling;JI Huifu(Zhengzhou Hengda Intelligent Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China;College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou Henan 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州恒达智控科技股份有限公司,河南郑州450000 [2]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《机床与液压》2024年第20期216-220,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金项目(232300420295)。

摘　　要：煤矿高压大流量水液压安全阀阀芯采用多排阀口设计,具有体积小、结构紧凑等优点,利用数值模拟方法,在3种不同开启次序下,对4排阀口安全阀的动态响应与气蚀特性进行研究。通过瞬态仿真,分析3种开启次序下阀芯位移和速度变化以及阀腔内气蚀分布特性。结果表明:阀芯采用3步和4步次序开启时,首排阀口完全开启用时短,响应速度更快;不同开启次序下,阀腔内气蚀产生位置一致,均发生在阀芯左端入口台阶和各阀口靠近阀芯入口侧位置;在阀腔中心截面,2步次序降气蚀效果最优,4步次之;采用4步次序能够有效降低各排阀口内壁面的气蚀强度。阀芯的4排阀口单排依次开启方案,有利于安全阀面在高压时快速响应,并能降低阀口壁面气蚀伤害。The valve core of the high-pressure,large-flow water hydraulic safety valve used in coal mines was designed with multiple rows of valve ports,offering advantages such as compact size and a small structure.The numerical simulation method was used to investigate the dynamic response and cavitation characteristics of a four-row valve port safety valve under three different opening sequences.Transient simulation analysis was conducted to examine the displacement and velocity variations of the valve core,as well as the distribution of cavitation within the valve chamber.The results show that when the valve core is opened in a 3-step or 4-step sequence,the time required for the first row of valve ports to fully open is shorter,thereby achieving a faster response rate.Under the different opening sequence,the location of the cavitation generation in the valve cavity is consistent,which occurs at the inlet step on the left end of the valve core and near the valve core inlet side of each valve port.In terms of the central cross-section of the valve chamber,the 2-step opening sequence demonstrates the best performance in reducing cavitation,followed by the 4-step sequence.Moreover,using the 4-step sequence effectively reduces cavitation intensity on the inner wall surfaces of each row of valve ports.The proposed four-row valve port opening scheme for the valve core enables rapid response to high pressures while minimizing damage caused by cavitation at the valve port surfaces.

关 键 词：水液压 气蚀 安全阀 动态开启 

分 类 号：TH137.52[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]