芳香醇与异氰酸酯聚合物反应动力学研究  

Kinetic Study on the Reaction Between Aromatic Alcohols and Polymers Containing Isocyanates

作　　者：吴洁[1] 张才亮[1,2] 顾雪萍 冯连芳[1,2] WU Jie;ZHANG Cailiang;GU Xueping;FENG Lianfang(Chemical Engineering United National Key Laboratory,School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Zhejiang University Quzhou Research Institute,Quzhou 324000,China)

机构地区：[1]化学工程联合国家重点实验室,浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学衢州研究院,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《化学反应工程与工艺》2024年第5期411-417,427,共8页Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52273043);浙江大学衢州研究院项目(IZQ2020KJ3008)。

摘　　要：羟基与异氰酸酯之间的反应是合成聚氨酯最重要的化学反应之一。本工作建立了表征羟基和异氰酸反应动力学的荧光标记法,探究了芳香醇分子结构和异氰酸酯聚合物链组成对羟基与异氰酸酯聚合物反应动力学的影响。结果表明:受到诱导效应和空间位阻效应的共同作用,不同取代基的芳香醇与异氰酸酯聚合物反应的相对速率从大到小依次为萘环α位、苯甲基、萘环β位、苯乙基、苯丙基;由于多苯环的共轭效应,含异氰酸酯官能团的聚合物链中引入苯环会降低其与小分子醇的反应速率。The reaction between hydroxyl groups and isocyanates is one of the most important chemical reactions in the synthesis of polyurethane.A fluorescence labeling method was established to characterize the reaction kinetics of hydroxyl and isocyanate.Based on this method,this work explored the effects of aromatic alcohol molecular structure and polymer chain composition on the reaction kinetics of hydroxyl and isocyanate polymers.Research results indicated that due to the combined effects of inductive and steric hindrance,the relative rates of reaction between aromatic alcohols with different substituents and isocyanate polymers from large to small were as follows:naphthaleneα-position,phenylmethyl,naphthaleneβ-position,phenylethyl,phenylpropyl.Additionally,the introduction of benzene rings into polymer chains containing isocyanate functional groups decreased the reaction rate with small-molecule alcohols due to the conjugation effect of multiple benzene rings.

关 键 词：异氰酸酯 羟基 分子结构 反应动力学 

分 类 号：TQ325.7[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]