民族分离主义研究:问题与方法  

Ethnic Separatism:Issues and Approaches

作　　者：郭雷庆 王建民 GUO Leiqing;WANG Jianmin

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学马克思主义学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]华中师范大学政治与国际关系学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《济南大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期5-16,192,共13页Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“当代多民族国家民族分离主义治理研究”(项目编号:20CZZ009)。

摘　　要：民族分离主义是多民族国家面临的最严峻挑战。以“聚居型多民族国家”为核心概念,以有无传统聚居地、人口聚居规模、聚居区对外经济依存度、有无民族语言和文学及宗教、聚居民族是否跨界、国家结构是单一制还是联邦制、聚居民族历史上是否曾独立建国、与国内其他民族的关系是否有历史包袱、聚居民族形成于兼并还是迁徙等等为参数建构一组分析工具,能够为解读民族分离主义提供一种方法。应用这一方法,有可能更清晰地认识诸如苏东剧变的后果,亦可用于分析与苏联东欧国家具有相同或相似民族结构和民族分布状况的国家。Ethnic separatism poses the most significant challenge to multi-ethnic countries.Centered on the concept of"multi-ethnic country with concentrated population",a comprehensive analytical framework has been developed,incorporating factors such as traditional settlements,population size,dependence on external economies,the presence of ethnic languages,literature and religion,border-crossing ethnic groups,the type of state structure(unitary or federal),historical independence of ethnic groups,historical tensions with other ethnic groups within the country,and formation process(whether by merger or migration).This framework offers a methodological approach to interpreting ethnic separatism.By applying this method,one can gain a clearer understanding of the drastic transitions experienced by the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.Additionally,it can be employed to analyze countries with ethnic structures and distributions similar to those of the former Soviet Union and Eastern European countries.

关 键 词：聚居型多民族国家 杂居型多民族国家 民族分离主义 

分 类 号：C95-0[社会学—民族学]