低碳转型视角下火电上市公司电力新质生产力评价  

Evaluation ofnew quality productivity of electricity of thermal power listed companies under the perspective of low carbon transition

作　　者：吴梓凤 袁家海[1] 张浩楠 WU Zifeng;YUAN Jiahai;ZHANG Haonan(School of Economics and Management,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Department of Economic Management,North China Electric Power University(Baoding),Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京102206 [2]华北电力大学(保定)经济管理系,河北保定071003

出　　处：《煤炭经济研究》2024年第10期58-67,共10页Coal Economic Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72173043);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(72303064);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2023MS152)。

摘　　要：火电上市公司低碳转型是推动能源结构调整优化、培育和形成电力新质生产力的重要途径。以火电装机比例高于30%为阈值,选取2022年的30家火电上市公司作为研究对象,首先梳理了火电上市公司的总体发展现状和低碳转型历程,然后从低碳转型的视角构建了火电上市公司电力新质生产力评价体系,其包含单位发电量碳排放、非化石能源装机比例、单位发电量EVA和非火电业务收入占比等4个基础指标及对应的4个变化率指标。研究发现,中央控股上市公司总体的电力新质生产力水平和电力新质生产力提升能力均优于地方控股上市公司,其中地方控股上市公司凭非火电业务收入占比变化率的优势,缩小了与中央控股上市公司电力新质生产力提升能力之间的差距。最后从加速火电转型、调整新能源发展方式及低碳转型路径选择3个方面提出促进火电上市公司释放电力新质生产力的建议。Low-carbon transformation of thermal power listed companies is an essential strategy to improve energy structure and develop new quality productive forces in the electric power industry.With a thermal power installed capacity ratio more than 30%as the criterion,30 listed thermal power companies in 2022 are selected.Firstly,the general development status and low-carbon transformation history of listed thermal power companies are analyzed.Then,from the perspective of low-carbon transformation,the evaluation system of new quality productive forces of thermal power listed companies is constructed,which contains four basic indicators,namely,carbon emissions per unit of power generation,proportion of installed non-fossil energy resources,EVA(Economic Value Added)per unit of power generation and proportion of non-fire power business revenue,as well as four corresponding change rate indicators.It is found that the overall new quality productive forces and new quality productive forces enhancement ability of centrally-controlled listed companies are better than that of locally-controlled listed companies.However,locally-controlled listed companies have narrowed the gap with centrally-controlled listed companies in terms of new quality productive forces enhancement ability by the advantage of the the change rate of the proportion of non-fire power business revenue.Finally,proposals to promote thermal power listed companies to release new quality productive forces are presented from three aspects:speeding thermal power transformation,changing the course of new energy development and selecting the path of low-carbon transformation.

关 键 词：新质生产力 火电 上市公司 低碳转型 评价体系 发电量碳排放 装机比例 变化率 

分 类 号：F416.21[经济管理—产业经济]