中国8个语言族群成人体部特征的比较  

Comparison of adult body features among eight language groups in China

作　　者：李咏兰[1,2] 郑连斌 LI Yong-lan;ZHENG Lian-bin(College of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010022,China;College of Life Sciences,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区高等学校生物多样性保护与可持续利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010022 [3]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津市动物多样性保护与利用重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《解剖学报》2024年第6期776-782,共7页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划战略性科技创新合作项目(2020YFE0201600);国家自然科学基金(32071183);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金(2022JBZD014)。

摘　　要：目的探讨中国不同语言族群体部特征的共性与差异。方法对中国8个语言族群成人65343例(男性29667例,女性35676例)的体部指标数据进行了测量。采用主成分分析方法探讨中国人体部发育的特点。结果中国8个语言族群中阿尔泰语系3个族群体重值最大,躯干围度大,身材高,下肢长,躯干长。汉语族族群的身体高度、长度、体重、躯干的围度值略低于阿尔泰语系族群。藏缅语族族群在南方族群中属于身体高度、长度、体重、躯干围度较大的人群。相比之下,南方的壮侗语族族群、苗瑶语族族群、南亚语系族群躯干围度较小,体重较轻,身材较矮,下肢较短,躯干较短。结论北方(或南方)语言族群体部特征相对接近,这反映了中国语言族群体部特征的共性。中国语言族群体部特征差异主要反映在北方3个语言族群体部指标值明显大于南方4个语言族群。遗传因素、地理环境因素和社会发展因素都影响着中国语言族群的体部特征。Objective To explore the commonalities and differences of the body characteristics of different language groups in China.Methods The body index data of 65343 adults(29667 males and 35676 females)from 8 language groups in China were measured.Principal component analysis was used to explore the characteristics of human body development in China.Results Among the eight language groups in China,the three ethnic groups of the Altai languages have the largest body weight,large trunk circumference,high stature,long lower limbs,and long trunk.The body height,length,weight and trunk circumference of the Han ethnic group were slightly inferior to those of the Altaic ethnic group.The Tibetan⁃Burmese ethnic group belongs to the group with higher body height,length,weight and trunk circumference in the southern ethnic group.In contrast,the Zhuang⁃Dong ethnic group,the Miao⁃Yao ethnic group and the South Asian ethnic group in the south had smaller trunk circumference,lighter weight,shorter stature,shorter lower limbs and shorter trunk.Conclusion The body characteristics of the northern(or southern)language groups are relatively close,which reflects the commonality of the characteristics of the Chinese language groups.The differences in the characteristics of Chinese language groups are mainly reflected in the fact that the index values of the three language groups in the north are significantly larger than those of the four language groups in the south.Genetic factors,geographical environment factors and social development factors all affect the body characteristics of Chinese language ethnic group.

关 键 词：体重 身高 北方语言族群 南方语言族群 活体测量 

分 类 号：Q984[生物学—人类学]