煤矿厚松散层条带采空区“三带”发育特征探查  

Exploration on the Development Characteristics of“Three Zones”in Thick Loose Layer Strip Goaf of Coal Mines

作　　者：赵文 ZHAO Wen(China Coal Technology&Engineering Ecological Environment Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;China Coal Technology&Engineering Circular Industry Research Institute(Shandong)Co.Ltd.,Jining 272000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工生态环境科技有限公司,北京100013 [2]中煤科工循环产业研究院(山东)有限公司,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《科技和产业》2024年第22期340-347,共8页Science Technology and Industry

基　　金：中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项重点项目(2018-2-ZD007);中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项重点项目(2022-2-ZD004)。

摘　　要：煤矿厚松散层条带采空区覆岩“三带”发育特征探查是我国东部采煤沉陷区综合治理的重要工作内容,为查明采空区“三带”发育高度及残余空隙分布特征,以济宁某矿厚松散层条带采区为背景,综合采用高密度三维地震、瞬变电磁法、地质钻探、煤田测井、钻孔电视及经验公式等方法开展理论研究、现场探测和定量分析。结果表明,深部厚松散层采空区在采深采厚比大于190的条件下,主关键层未破断,覆岩“三带”发育特征显著,弯曲变形带发育至地表;在超260 m厚的松散层较大荷载作用下,采留比1:2的条带采空区顶板基本全垮落,老顶初次来压步距23 m,周期来压步距10 m,地质探查显示采空区无尺度较大空洞;导水裂缝带高度为18.9~77.7 m,平均为50.8 m,为采高的18.2倍;垮落带高度为8.00~9.58 m,平均为8.19 m,为采高的2.9倍;覆岩主要导水裂缝发育高度为40 m;垮落带剩余空隙率为15%,裂缝带剩余空隙率为2.7%,受采动影响煤柱剩余空隙率为9%。可据此定量计算采空区残余空隙体积,为采空区注浆设计提供准确数据。Exploration of the development characteristics of the“three zones”of overlying strata in the thick loose layer strip goaf is an important task in the comprehensive management of coal mining subsidence areas in the eastern part of China.In order to determine the development height and residual porosity distribution characteristics of the“three zones”of overlying strata in the goaf,taking the thick loose layer strip mining area of a certain mine in Jining as the background,theoretical research,on-site detection and qualitative analysis were conducted comprehensively using high-density three-dimensional seismic,transient electromagnetic method,geological drilling,coalfield logging,borehole television and calculation formulas.The research results show that in the deep and thick loose layer goaf,when the ratio of mining depth to thickness is greater than 190,the main key layer is not broken,the development characteristics of the“three zones”of the overlying strata are significant,and the bending deformation zone has developed to the surface.Under the action of a large load on a loose layer with a thickness of over 260 m,the roof of the goaf with a mining retention ratio of 1:2(Mining 50 m leaving 100 m)basically collapsed completely.The first weighting step of the old roof is 23 m,and the periodic weighting step is 10 m.Geological exploration shows that there is no large-scale voids in the goaf.The height of the water conducting crack zone is 18.9~77.7 m,with an average of 50.8 m,which is 18.2 times the mining height.The height of the collapse zone is 8.00~9.58 m,with an average of 8.19 m,which is 2.9 times the mining height.The height of the main water conducting cracks in the overlying strata is 40 m.The residual porosity of the caving zone is 15%,the residual porosity in the fractured zone is 2.7%,and the residual porosity in the coal pillar affected by mining is 9%.Based on this,the volume of residual voids in goaf can be quantitatively calculated,in order to provide accurate data for grouting design i

关 键 词：厚松散层 条带采空区 导水裂缝带 空隙分布特征 采空区治理 

分 类 号：TD166[矿业工程—矿山地质测量] TD325