四质体振动弛张筛动力学特性研究  

Dynamic characterization of four-mass flip-flow screen

作　　者：郭嘉良 宫三朋 乔子琦 王晨浩 吴涛 高有进 GUO Jialiang;GONG Sanpeng;QIAO Ziqi;WANG Chenhao;WU Tao;GAO Youjin(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China;Zhengzhou Coal Mining Machinery Group,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院,河南焦作454003 [2]郑州煤矿机械集团股份有限公司,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2024年第11期195-201,共7页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52204267);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(212102210006);河南理工大学博士基金项目(B2021-29)。

摘　　要：针对振动弛张筛因物料在入料端堆积导致筛分效率低下的问题,提出了一种由一个主动筛框和三个浮动筛框组成的四质体变振幅弛张筛机构,采用传递函数法求解得到主、浮筛框振幅及相位的表达式;绘制了主、浮筛框的幅频特性曲线和相频特性曲线,分析了筛框质量、剪切弹簧和隔振弹簧刚度对弛张筛动力学特性的影响;通过多目标协同优化算法,调节了三个浮动筛框在工频范围的振幅,使得物料随筛分的进行而受到的激振振幅不同。结果表明:四质体弛张筛存在四个固有频率,四个固有频率的大小可由计算动刚度矩阵行列式|Z(s)|=0的复数解虚部得出;剪切弹簧刚度主要影响二、三、四阶的共振频率,而隔振弹簧刚度主要影响一阶共振频率;当主筛框质量为916 kg,隔振弹簧刚度602×10^(3)N/m,浮动筛框质量分别为82.6、107.5、119.8 kg,三个剪切弹簧刚度均为1.13×10^(6)N/m时,四质体的三个浮动筛框在其工作频率的振幅为3∶2∶1。To overcome the problem of low screening efficiency caused by the accumulation of materials at the feeding end of a flip-flow screen,a four-mass variable amplitude flip-flow screen consisting of one main frame and three floating frames was proposed.The transfer function method was used to obtain the expressions of the amplitude and phase of the main and floating frames;The amplitude and phase-frequency characteristic curves of the main and floating frames were plotted,the effects of changing the mass of the frames and the stiffness of the springs on the dynamic characteristics of the screen were analyzed.The amplitudes of the three floating screen frames on the working frequency were adjusted by the multi-objective optimization algorithm,to make the materials experience a varying vibratory amplitude during the screening process.The results indicate that the four-mass flip flow screen possesses four intrinsic frequencies.These frequencies are the imaginary parts of the complex solution of the dynamic stiffness matrix |Z(s)|=0;The stiffness of the shear springs primarily affects the second,third,and fourth-order intrinsic frequencies,while the stiffness of the vibration isolation spring predominantly impacts the first-order intrinsic frequency;At the working frequency,when the main frame weighs 916 kg with an isolation spring stiffness of 602×10^(3)N/m,while the three floating frames weigh 82.6,107.5 and 119.8 kg,respectively,with each of their shear springs having a stiffness of 1.13×10^(6)N/m,the amplitude ratio among the three floating frames is 3∶2∶1.

关 键 词：四质体振动弛张筛 变振幅 动力学特性 多目标参数优化 

分 类 号：TD94[矿业工程—选矿]