褪黑素对日光温室黄瓜耐冷性的影响  

Effect of Exogenous Melatonin on the Cold Tolerance of Cucumber in Solar-Greenhouse

作　　者：冯一清 仇胜囡 吴月 解阳 张晓伟 毕焕改[1] 艾希珍[1] FENG Yiqing;QIU Shengnan;WU Yue;XIE Yang;ZHANG Xiaowei;BI Huangai;AI Xizhen(State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Ministry,Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province with High Quality and Efficient Production of Fruit and Vegetable,College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China;Pingyuan County Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Pingyuan,Shandong 253100,China;Huaneng Tai’an Zhongtai Power Generation Co.,Ltd,Xintai,Shandong 271217,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,农业农村部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点开放实验室,山东省果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心,山东泰安271018 [2]平原县农业农村局,山东平原253100 [3]华能山东发电有限公司众泰电厂,山东新泰271217

出　　处：《园艺学报》2024年第11期2633-2644,共12页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000800);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010715);山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(SDAIT-05-10)。

摘　　要：为了探讨外源褪黑素(MT)对黄瓜耐冷性的调控机理,以‘津优35号’黄瓜为试材,叶面喷施75μmol·L^(-1)MT研究其对冬季日光温室黄瓜光合作用、活性氧(ROS)积累、抗氧化酶活性及产量的影响。结果表明,随着冬季日光温室气温降低,黄瓜光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、最大光化学效率(F_(v)/_(Fm))和实际光化学效率(Φ_(PSII))逐渐降低,胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))趋于升高;低温下黄瓜叶片的丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))和超氧阴离子()积累量及电解质渗漏率(EL)逐步增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性呈先升高后降低趋势。与对照相比,寒流后MT处理的P_(n)、G_(s)、T_(r)、F_(v)/F_(m)、Φ_(PSII)、核酮糖–1,5–二磷酸羧化酶(RuBPCase)和Rubisco活化酶(RCA)活性及其mRNA表达量均显著升高,而C_(i)明显降低;MT处理的MDA、H_(2)O_(2)和O_(2)^(-·)积累量及EL显著低于对照,而SOD、POD、APX和GR活性显著高于对照,黄瓜产量比对照增加16.3%。可见,MT通过提高卡尔文循环与光系统活性及增强活性氧清除能力,提高了日光温室黄瓜耐冷性。To explore the regulation mechanism of exogenous melatonin(MT)on the cold tolerance of cucumber plants,‘Jingyou 35’cucumber plants were used as materials,75μmol·L^(-1)MT was sprayed on the foliage to study its effects of exogenous MT on the photosynthesis,reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation,antioxidant enzyme activities of cucumber in winter solar greenhouse.The results showed that the photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),transpiration rate(T_(r)),maximum photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m))and actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSII)decreased,while the intercellular CO_(2)concentration(C_(i))increased gradually,with the temperature decrease.Low temperature led to an increase in the accumulation of MDA,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-·)),as well as the electrolyte leakage rate(EL).The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),ascorbate peroxidase(APX)and glutathione reductase(GR)increased in the early days of low temperature stress,but subsequently decreased.Compared with the control,the MT treatment displayed a markedly increase in P_(n),G_(s),T_(r),F_(v)/F_(m)andΦPSII,as well as the activity of Ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase(RuBPCase)and Rubisco activase(RCA)and their relative mRNA expressions,whereas an obviously decrease in C_(i),after cold snap.The MT treated plants showed significantly lower MDA,H_(2)O_(2)and accumulations and EL,while markedly higher activities of SOD,POD,APX and GR than those of the control.The yield of MT treatment increased by 16.3%compared with the control.These data suggest that exogenous MT can improve the cold tolerance of cucumber plants in solar-greenhouse by increasing the activities of Calvin cycle and photosystem,and enhancing the ROS scavenging activity during low temperature stress.

关 键 词：黄瓜 褪黑素 低温胁迫 光合作用 活性氧 耐冷性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]