云南柑橘5种常见病害发生分布调查及其规律分析  

An Investigation on Occurrence and Distribution Patterns of Five Common Citrus Diseases in Yunnan

作　　者：聂睿涵 孙曼丽 冯迪 宋谢天 高俊燕[2] 郭莉娜 邓秀新[1] 柴利军[1] 谢宗周[1] 叶俊丽[1] NIE Ruihan;SUN Manli;FENG Di;SONG Xietian;GAO Junyan;GUO Lina;DENG Xiuxin;CHAI Lijun;XIE Zongzhou;YE Junli(National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops,College of Horticulture&Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Integrated Lemon Experimental and Reseach Station of the Modern Citrus Industrial Technology System in China,Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ruili,Yunnan 678600,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,国家柑橘产业技术体系柠檬综合试验站,云南瑞丽678600

出　　处：《园艺学报》2024年第11期2685-2700,共16页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AE090054);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：为明确黄龙病菌(“Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”,CLas)、柑橘黄化脉明病毒(citrus yellow vein clearing virus,CYVCV)、柑橘碎叶病毒(citrus tatter leaf virus,CTLV)、柑橘裂皮类病毒(citrus exocortis viroid,CEVd)和柑橘衰退病病毒(citrus tristeza virus,CTV)所引起的柑橘病害在云南省的发生和分布情况,广泛收集了该省柑橘14个主产州、市38个县的577份柑橘叶片样品,采用巢式PCR和RT-PCR对以上5种病原进行检测,并通过遗传进化分析构建系统发育树。结果表明,CLas、CYVCV、CTLV、CEVd、CTV检出率分别为36.0%、33.6%、15.1%、13.0%、82.0%,其中CLas和CTV在14个供检州、市中均被检测到。从种类上看,CYVCV、CLas和CTV的检出率均为甜橙>宽皮柑橘>柠檬,其中CTV在柠檬中的检出率(40.0%)明显低于宽皮柑橘(87.4%)和甜橙(92.2%),而CTLV和CEVd在甜橙中的检出率最低,分别为5.9%和4.0%;从海拔上看,CLas的发生与海拔呈现出一定的负相关。此外,不同病害之间存在一定的相关性,CYVCV与CTV、CTLV与CEVd经常存在复合感染的情况,而CLas与CEVd同时侵染的概率较低。通过遗传进化分析发现,云南柑橘病害病原的异地引入和内部传播均为病原扩散的重要途径。To clarify the occurrence and distribution of citrus diseases caused by“Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”(CLas),citrus yellow vein clearing virus(CYVCV),citrus tatter leaf virus(CTLV),citrus exocortis viroid(CEVd)and citrus tristeza virus(CTV)in Yunnan Province.In this study,577 citrus leaf samples were collected from 38 counties of 14 major citrus producing states in Yunnan Province.The pathogens of the above five citrus diseases were detected by nested PCR and RT-PCR,phylogenetic tree was constructed by genetic evolution analysis.The analysis showed that the positive rates of CLas,CYVCV,CTLV,CEVd and CTV were 36.0%,33.6%,15.1%,13.0%and 82.0%,respectively.CLas and CTV occurred in all the detected cities.From the citrus species,sweet orange exhibited the highest detection rates of CYVCV,CLas and CTV,followed by mandarin and lemon.Notably,the detection rate of CTV in lemon(40.0%)was obviously lower than that in mandarin(87.4%)and sweet orange(92.2%).While the detection rate of CTLV and CEVd in sweet orange was only 5.9%and 4.0%,respectively,and was lower than mandarin and lemon.Based on the correlation analysis,results revealed a negative correlation between CLas occurence and altitude.It was also found that the correlations of CYVCV and CTV,CTLV and CEVd occurs frequently,whereas the correlation of CLas and CEVd was rarely detected,suggesting correlations among citrus diseases.Through genetic evolution analysis,it was found that the introduction and internal spread of pathogens in Yunnan were both important ways for the spread of the pathogens.

关 键 词：柑橘 黄龙病 病毒病 检测 分布 传播 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]