压力容器内甲烷爆炸及爆破片动态泄放试验研究  

Study on methane explosion and dynamic discharge testing of rupture discs inside pressure vessels

作　　者：刘镇溪 王海涛[2] 陈磊 喻健良[1] 周少坤[2] 徐辉 LIU Zhenxi;WANG Haitao;CHEN Lei;YU Jianliang;ZHOU Shaokun;XU Hui(Shcool of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China;SINOPEC Shanghai Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200540,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029 [3]新疆大学化工学院,乌鲁木齐830017 [4]中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司,上海200540

出　　处：《压力容器》2024年第9期9-15,22,共8页Pressure Vessel Technology

摘　　要：压力容器内部如果发生化学反应发生爆炸时,快速上升的压力会显著影响爆破片的泄放性能,为此搭建了爆破片动态超压试验平台,并针对不同初始压力和浓度条件进行甲烷-空气混合气相爆炸试验。结果表明,在甲烷浓度为5.5%~14%时,最大爆炸压力和升压速率随着甲烷浓度的增加呈现先增大、后减小的趋势;当甲烷浓度为10%时,二者达到峰值。利用全局优化算法成功实现了在不同初始压力条件下最大爆炸压力、升压速率和甲烷浓度之间的拟合关系,且拟合效果良好。在动态载荷工况下,两种爆破片的实际爆破压力远高于标定爆破压力,LP25-20.1型爆破片在升压速率达到170 MPa/s时,超压倍数高达1.7。研究结果可为压力容器内甲烷爆炸特性的研究以及爆破片在动态超压工况下的设计和使用提供重要依据。In the event of an explosion within a pressure vessel due to chemical reaction,the rapidly rising pressure significantly affects the venting performance of rupture discs.A dynamic overpressure test platform for rupture discs was established,and methane-air mixture explosion tests were conducted under different initial pressure and concentration conditions.The results indicate that within the range of methane concentrations from 5.5%to 14%,the maximum explosion pressure and pressure rise rate first increase and then decrease with increasing methane concentration,when methane concentration reaches a peak at 10%,both reach the peak.Fitting relationships among the maximum explosion pressure,pressure rise rate,and methane concentration under different initial pressure conditions were successfully established using the global optimization algorithm,and the fitting effect is good.Under dynamic loading conditions,the actual bursting pressure of both types of rupture discs far exceeds their calibrated bursting pressure,and when the LP25-20.1 type rupture disc reaches an uplift rate of 170 MPa/s,the overpressure multiple reaches as high as 1.7.The results of this study provide an important basis for the study of methane explosion characteristics inside pressure vessels and the design and use of rupture discs under dynamic overpressure conditions.

关 键 词：压力容器 正拱形爆破片 甲烷爆炸 爆炸压力 升压速率 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]