元代朱钞考论——以黑水城文书为据  

Research on the Official Receipt in the Yuan Dynasty——Based on Documents Discovered in Khara-Khoto

作　　者：谭天枢 Tan Tianshu

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学

出　　处：《西夏研究》2024年第4期132-144,共13页Xixia Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“晋皖闽家族契约文书中的法律秩序研究”(项目批准号:22BFX020);中国政法大学2021年博士创新实践项目“徐谓礼文书整理与南宋公文运行规则研究”(项目批准号:2021BSCX01)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：元代朱钞作为官府仓库出具的收纳凭证,分为纳获实物和纳获钱钞两类范式,构成要件包括纳获仓库、版籍、交纳人姓名、交纳年份、交纳项目和数量总计、子项目和对应数量、出具时间、官吏签押和格式条款,钤盖朱印生效。根据适用领域之别,朱钞具备田税差役完结凭证、货引申请凭证、管押货物完备凭证或纳粟补官凭证等法律属性。与之相对的白帖则非经正式程序、不具合法要件,成为官吏上下其手、侵渔钱粮之媒介,实乃元代仓库管理之痼疾。As storage vouchers issued by government warehouse,the official receipt in Yuan Dynasty is divided into two paradigms:receiving physical items and receiving paper currency.The constituent elements include the receiving warehouse,native place,name of the deliver,tax payment year,total delivery items and quantities,sub items and corresponding quantities,issuance time,official signature,and format terms,which come into effect with the stamp.According to the applicable fields,official receipt possesses legal attributes such as a land tax duty completion certificate,a cargo citation application certificate,a complete certificate for custody of goods,or a certificate for buying officials with grain.On the other hand,blank note is a income and expenditure voucher without formal procedures and legal requirements,and is a means for official embezzlement of corrupt warehouse property,which is actually a chronic problem in warehouse management during the Yuan Dynasty.

关 键 词：朱钞 白帖 检钞 催粮由帖 仓库 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学] K877.9[历史地理—中国史] F812.9[经济管理—财政学]