基于熔体控速滴铸法制备分米级高纯镁单晶的工艺探索  

Exploration of Decimeter-Sized High-Purity Magnesium Single Crystal Preparation Based on Melt Controlled-Speed Drop Casting

作　　者：刘博宇[1,2,3] 黄鑫垚 马欣金 郑芮 李峣峰 李玖章 肖鹏 单智伟 LIU Boyu;HUANG Xinyao;MA Xinjin;ZHENG Rui;LI Yaofeng;LI Jiuzhang;XIAO Peng;SHAN Zhiwei(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Shaanxi Province Engineering Research Center for Magnesium-Based New Materials,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学陕西省镁基新材料工程研究中心,陕西西安710049 [3]西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2024年第11期981-987,共7页Materials China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB3709300);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52371121,52031011,523B2001)。

摘　　要：金属镁具有密排六方晶体结构,其力学性能和物理化学性能具有明显的各向异性。高纯镁单晶是研究镁沿不同晶向的力学性能、腐蚀行为及导电导热等物理化学性能的理想材料。目前,高纯镁单晶常需进口,其价格昂贵,购买手续繁琐,且所能购置的单晶尺寸一般为厘米级甚至更小,难以满足批量化的力学和物理性能测试需求。提出了一种基于熔体控速滴铸法的高纯镁单晶生长方法,并探索了原料纯度、结晶坩埚结构及温度设置等因素对晶体生长的影响规律。应用该方法及装置,成功制备了纯度为99.99%(质量分数)的分米级尺寸高纯镁单晶体。Magnesium has a hexagonal close-packed(hcp)crystal structure,thus its mechanical and physical/chemical properties exhibit significant anisotropy along variant crystallographic orientations.High-purity magnesium single crystal is an ideal material for studying the mechanical properties,corrosion resistance,electrical and thermal conductivity,and other physical/chemical properties of magnesium along different crystallographic orientations.However,highpurity magnesium single crystals often need to be imported,which are expensive,and the purchase procedures are complicated and time-consuming.Moreover,the size of magnesium single crystal produced by current methods is generally with centimeter or even smaller.The present paper proposes a method for growing high-purity magnesium single crystals based on melt controlled-speed drop casting method.The effects such as raw material purity,crucible configuration,and temperature setting on crystal growth are studied.Using the proposed method,decimeter-sized high-purity magnesium single crystals with a purity of 99.99wt%are successfully produced.

关 键 词：高纯镁 单晶 熔体控速滴铸法 晶体生长 

分 类 号：TG146.22[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB31[金属学及工艺—金属材料]