明封大善法王沙加再考  

Further Research on Shakya, the Great Kindness of Dharmarāja Conferred by the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：王小红 WANG Xiao-hong

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学中国西部边疆研究院,西安710062

出　　处：《中国藏学》2024年第3期75-86,213,214,共14页China Tibetology

基　　金：国家社科基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项项目“中原地区与西域各民族交流交往交融史料整理与研究”(项目编号:LSYZD21005)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为明朝中央政府册封的首位大善法王,沙加出自岷州丁氏家族,祖师系元末明初高僧班丹坚错,业师系大智法王班丹扎释,又与师侄大善法王星吉班丹存在传承关系。沙加等岷州僧团主要成员凭借自身兼通汉藏的文化素养及经营诸派的关系网络,在一定程度上促进了明朝中央政府通过重大政治、民族、宗教事务维护多民族国家统一、稳定政策的贯彻落实。鉴于学界目前对于沙加的研究仅仅处于班丹扎释研究次要层面的状况,还原沙加身世,梳理沙加年谱,探究沙加的主要事迹,厘清沙加的社会关系,对于还原明代前期藏传佛教的传播情况,研究藏族与汉族及安多、卫藏地方与明朝中央政府的密切关系,均有重要的学术意义与现实意义。As the first Dharmarāja of Great Kindness conferred by the Ming central government, Shakya was from the Ding clan of Minzhou The founder was the eminent monk dPal-ldan rGya-mtsho in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, and his teacher was the Dharmarāja of Great Wisdom, dPal-ldan bKra-shis The Dharmarāja of Great Kindness, Seng-ge dPal-ldan was his disciple The main members of the Minzhou Sangha,such as Shakya, relying on their cultural knowledge of both Han and Tibetan cultures and their relationship network of various sects, to a considerable extent, promoted the implementation of the Ming central government's policy of maintaining the unity and stability of the multi-ethnic state through major political, ethnic and religious affairs In the view that the current research on Shakya is still at the secondary level of the research on dPal-ldan bKra-shis, it is of important academic and practical significance to restore Shakya's life,comb the chronology of Shakya, explore Shakya's main deeds and clarify Shakya's social relations for the restoration of the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in the early Ming Dynasty, and to study the close relationship between Tibetan and Han ethnic groups, and between Amdo and dBus-gtsang regions and the central government of the Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：大善法王 沙加 法藏寺 岷州僧团 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] K289[历史地理—中国史]