短道速滑运动员正念水平对平静心境的影响:心理控制源的中介效应  

Effects of Mindfulness Level on Calm Mood in Short Track Speed Skaters:The Mediating Effect of Locus of Control

作　　者：王雪 栾林 WANG Xue;LUAN Lin

机构地区：[1]韩国明知大学体育与艺术学院,京畿道龙仁市17058 [2]沈阳建筑大学体育部,辽宁沈阳110168

出　　处：《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2024年第6期37-45,共9页Journal of Harbin Sport University

摘　　要：目的:为了检验短道速滑运动员正念水平和平静心境之间的关系,以及心理控制源在其间的中介效果,旨在为今后改善短道速滑运动员的心理健康问题、强化心理干预策略提供新思路。方法:采用问卷调查法、数理统计法、随机抽样方法对304名短道速滑运动员进行调查。结论:(1)男性运动员的正念水平高于女性运动员;(2)国际健将在平静心境上的表现高于国家健将和一级运动员。国际级运动健将需要长期应对压力更大的艰苦训练或级别更高的比赛竞争,所积累的大赛经验与认知水平能够让其始终保持沉着冷静的心态;(3)心理控制源的内控性维度在正念水平和平静心境之间的中介效应为部分中介,短道速滑运动员的正念水平、内控性对平静心境具有显著正向影响。短道速滑运动员的正念水平越高,其内控性和平静心境也会随之提高,掌控自身情绪的能力就越强,越容易在竞赛时维持内心的冷静状态。建议:(1)加强对女性短道速滑运动员平时正念水平的训练,从而提高心理控制能力,改善日常训练和比赛期间的心理状态,达到预期效果;(2)以赛代练,提高短道速滑运动员的平静心境;(3)通过正念冥想的方式,提高短道速滑运动员的正念水平。Objective:To examine the relationship between the mindfulness level and calm mood of short track speed skaters,as well as the mediating effect of psychological locus of control,in order to improve the mental health problems of short track speed skaters and strengthen psychological intervention strategies in the future.Provide new ideas.Research Method:A questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics were used to conduct a random sampling survey on 304 short track speed skaters.Research results:(1)The mindfulness level of male athletes is higher than that of female athletes,and(2)the performance of international athletes in calming mind is higher than that of national athletes and first-level athletes.International-level athletes need to deal with more stressful training or higher-level competitions for a long time.The accumulated competition experience and cognitive level can enable them to always maintain a calm mind.(3)The mediating effect of the internal control dimension of the psychological locus of control between mindfulness level and calm state of mind is a partial mediator.The mindfulness level and internal control of short track speed skaters have a significant positive impact on calm state of mind.The higher the level of mindfulness of short-track speed skaters,the greater their internal control and calm state of mind.The stronger their ability to control their own emotions,and the easier it is to maintain a calm state of mind during competition.Recommendations:(1)Strengthen the training of daily mindfulness levels of female short-track speed skating athletes,so as to improve their psychological control ability,improve their mental state during daily training and competition,and achieve the desired results.(2)Use competition as training to improve the calm state of mind of short track speed skating athletes.(3)Improve the mindfulness level of short track speed skaters through mindfulness meditation.

关 键 词：短道速滑 正念水平 平静心境 心理控制源 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]