一位新见的元代帝师:武宗朝的朵思麻巴  

A Newly Discovered Imperial Preceptor of the Yuan Dynasty:mDo smad pa during the Reign of Wuzong

作　　者：孙鹏浩 SUN Peng-hao

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院元史研究室/民族与边疆研究中心,南京210023

出　　处：《中国藏学》2024年第4期36-46,214,共12页China Tibetology

基　　金：南京大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目编号:14370424)资助。

摘　　要：帝师是元代宣政院最高官员,总领吐蕃事务,同时是全国佛教领袖。因帝师历史关涉西藏地方的基本政治史,此前已得到学界大量关注,但受限于基础材料的不足而进展缓慢,一些基本史事未得澄清。文章通过约14世纪成书的《泽乌持律大士传》、1429年尼德瓦所著萨迦世系史《奇异史·花簇》和15世纪成书的《噶锡巴·日必星吉传》3份藏文材料,钩沉元武宗至大二年至四年(1309—1311)间一位名为朵思麻巴辇真乞剌思(■)的帝师,梳理基本史料如汉文《元史》和藏文《雅隆尊者教法史》等记载的缺陷。从该案例可以看出,若要继续探寻帝师在促进元代各民族交流和管理佛教事务等多方面的作用,需要特别关注正史以外的元明时期藏族人物传记等资料。The imperial preceptor was the highest official in the Xuanzhengyuan(Commission for Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs)of the Yuan Dynasty,in charge of Tibetan affairs and also the national Buddhist leader.The history of imperial preceptors(ti shri,帝师)during the Yuan Dynasty has previously received much attention because it constitutes the basic political history of Xizang.However,many elemental questions are not always clear due to a lack of materials.This paper,utilizing three Tibetan sources,identifies a previously unknown imperial preceptor named mDo smad pa Rin chen grags,whose tenure was likely 1309-1311,that is,in the reign of Wuzong(r.1307-1311).The three Tibetan sources are theZevu vdul vdzin chen povi rnam tharfrom the14th century,theLo rgyus ngo mtshar snang ba me tog gi chun poby Nyi lde ba Nam mkhav rgyal mtshan in1429,and thebKav bzhi pa rigs pavi seng gevi rnam tharfrom the 15th century.This case demonstrates that to further explore the role of imperial preceptors in promoting ethnic exchanges and managing Buddhist affairs,special attention should be paid to biographical materials from the Yuan and Ming periods.

关 键 词：元代帝师 元武宗 朵思麻巴 辇真乞剌思 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学]