全球生物安全治理中的科学家行为准则探究——兼论《科学家生物安全行为准则天津指南》的全球公共产品属性  

Exploring a Code of Conduct for Scientists in Global Biosecurity Governance——A Discussion of The Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for Codes of Conduct for Scientists and Its Attributes as a Global Public Good

作　　者：薛杨 Xue Yang

机构地区：[1]天津大学法学院 [2]天津大学生物安全战略研究中心,300072

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2024年第5期9-35,5,共28页The Journal of International Studies

基　　金：2020年国家重点研发计划“合成生物学生物安全研究”课题三“合成生物学研发及应用的生物安全监管机制与法律治理对策研究”(项目编号:2020YFA0908603)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：科学家行为准则是倡导和践行负责任的生物科研理念,释放生物技术发展潜力、防止生物技术被误用、滥用或谬用的重要前提,也是提升全球生物安全治理能力的题中应有之义。中国推动《科学家生物安全行为准则天津指南》凝聚全球生物安全治理的目标共识、价值共识和规范共识,以及该指南所呈现出的全球公共产品属性,有利于破解主权国家之间权力争夺与国际制度弱化的现实困境,也促进平衡各相关方在生物技术领域的局部发展利益、国家生物安全和全球生物安全公共利益之间的诉求。该指南形成的以《禁止生物武器公约》组织多边框架为基础、“中国经验”和“中国方案”为蓝本、多元主体参与“二轨对话”为支撑的全球公共产品供给模式,生动诠释了中国与国际社会在全球生物安全治理领域日益深入的价值统一和双向互动,为参与引领全球生物安全治理、构建人类命运共同体贡献了中国智慧。A code of conduct for scientists is a critical prerequisite for promoting and practicing responsible biotechnology research,unlocking the potential of biotechnology development,and preventing misuse,abuse,or misapplication.China promotes The Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for Codes of Conduct for Scientists to build consensus on the goals,values,and norms in global biosecurity governance.The Tianjin Guidelines embodies global public good properties,which are conducive to addressing challenges caused by power struggles among sovereign states and the decline of global insititutions.Such a public good can also help balance all stakeholders'interests in development and security.The Tianjin Guidelines forms a unique model for the provision of global public goods.While the model is based on the multilateral framework of The Biological Weapons Convention,it is a“Chinese proposal”with“Chinese experience”and encourages participation by diversified subjects in the“Track II”dialogue mechanism.As a timely global biosecurity public good,The Tianjin Guidelines has illustrated the deepening value unification and two-way interaction between China and the international community in the field of global biosecurity governance,and has contributed Chinese wisdom to global biosecurity governance and the building of a community of shared future for mankind.

关 键 词：非传统安全 生物安全治理 科学家行为准则 全球公共产品 《禁止生物武器公约》 《天津指南》 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系] D995[政治法律—政治学]