治疗肺部疾病的中药活性成分可吸入纳米给药系统研究进展  

Research progress on inhalation nano-drug delivery systems of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine for pulmonary diseases

作　　者：程方瑞 孙爽[1] 张欢 李永吉[1] 吕邵娃[1] CHENG Fangrui;SUN Shuang;ZHANG Huan;LI Yongji;LYU Shaowa(College of Pharmacy/Key Lab for Basis and Application Research of Northern Medicine of Ministry of Education,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学药学院/教育部北药基础与应用研究重点实验室,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国药房》2024年第23期2954-2958,共5页China Pharmacy

基　　金：黑龙江省“头雁”计划(No.〔2019〕5号);黑龙江省博士后科研启动金项目(No.LBH-Q21189)。

摘　　要：肺部给药能直接将药物运送至肺部,是肺部疾病的优选给药方式。中药活性成分如槲皮素、紫杉醇等对肺部疾病具有良好的治疗效果,但其存在水溶性差和肺清除率高等问题。将中药活性成分负载在纳米给药系统中,可提高药物的水溶性、稳定性及其在肺部的渗透性和滞留性。基于此,本研究综述了治疗肺部疾病的中药活性成分可吸入纳米给药系统的研究进展,发现有基于壳聚糖、脂质(包括脂质体、固体脂质纳米粒、纳米结构脂质载体)、靶向配体(包括靶向叶酸受体、靶向转铁蛋白受体、外泌体)的中药活性成分可吸入纳米给药系统,这些纳米给药系统综合考虑了粒径、表面电荷和疏水性等关键因素,可避免药物被黏液、纤毛和巨噬细胞清除,具有较好的应用潜力。Pulmonary administration can directly deliver drugs to the lungs,making it the preferred mode of administration for pulmonary disease.Active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),such as quercetin and paclitaxel have demonstrated promising therapeutic effects on lung diseases.However,they face challenges such as poor water solubility and high lung clearance rates.Loading the active ingredients of TCM onto nano-drug delivery systems can enhance their water solubility,stability,permeability and retention in the lungs.Based on this,this study reviewed the research progress on inhalation nano-drug delivery systems for the active ingredients of TCM in the treatment of lung diseases.It was found that there are nano-drug delivery systems for TCM active ingredients based on chitosan,lipids(including liposomes,solid lipid nanoparticles,and nanostructured lipid carriers),and targeting ligands(including targeting folate receptor,targeting transferrin receptor,and exosomes).These inhalation nano-drug delivery systems comprehensively consider key factors such as particle size,surface charge,and hydrophobicity,which can prevent the drugs from being cleared by mucus,cilium and macrophages,thus exhibiting great potential for application.

关 键 词：可吸入纳米给药系统 中药活性成分 肺部疾病 

分 类 号：R944[医药卫生—药剂学]