2000—2020年闽江下游流域水系连通性模拟与变化分析  

Simulation and analysis of hydrological connectivity changes in the lower minjiang river basin from 2000 to 2020

作　　者：陈捷 张煜娴 邓占荣 武雅珍 CHEN Jie;ZHANG Yuxian;DENG Zhanrong;WU Yazhen(Fujian Meteorological Information Center,Fuzhou 350007,Fujian,China;Fujian Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Fuzhou 350007,Fujian,China;College of Oceanography,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu,China;Ningxia Meteorological Information Center,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省气象信息中心,福建福州350007 [2]福建省气象科学研究所,福建福州350007 [3]河海大学海洋学院,江苏南京210098 [4]宁夏气象信息中心,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2024年第10期1-12,共12页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：福建省气象局青年科技专项(2023Q01);国家自然科学基金项目(42271378);福建省气象科学研究所课题(2023005)。

摘　　要：【目的】闽江是福建省最大的河流,其生态环境和水系状况直接关系着福建省的生态系统质量和可持续发展,定量评估福州市及其周边城市群的快速城市化发展和人为水系连通工程对闽江下游水系连通性的影响,对于流域防洪减灾和河道生态环境保护具有重要意义。【方法】基于闽江下游流域不同时期的Landsat7影像数据和土地利用数据,引入电路理论方法,开展2000—2020年闽江下游流域水系连通性的定量模拟评估。【结果】结果表明,闽江下游流域在过去20 a中经历了显著的土地利用变化,城市用地面积增幅达91.1%。电流累计值模拟显示,福州主城区等城市区域水系连通性较低,这主要归因于快速城市化和土地利用类型转换导致的景观格局变化,使得37.2%的区域水系连通性降低。2015年后全域治水工程等水系治理措施的开展减缓了水系连通性下降速度,2015—2020年闽江下游易发生水淹区域面积较2000—2005年减少2.4%。【结论】电路理论模型的引入对于模拟流域水系连通性和城市河道水网行洪能力分析有一定适用性与参考意义。福州市通过河道治理、城市空间布局优化、流域生态保护和修复等方式提高了闽江下游河道水体流动性和自净能力,缓解了城市化对水系连通性的负面影响,增强了流域抵御水旱灾害能力。研究结果可为快速城市化下流域防灾减灾提供案例参考。[Objective]The Minjiang River is the largest river in Fujian Province,and its ecological environment and water system status directly affect the quality of the ecosystem and sustainable development of Fujian Province.The quantitative evaluation of the rapid urbanization development of Fuzhou City and its surrounding urban agglomeration,as well as the impact of artificial water system connectivity projects on the connectivity of the lower reaches of the Minjiang River,is of great significance for flood control and disaster reduction in the basin and the protection of the river ecological environment.[Methods]A quantitative simulation assessment of water system connectivity in the lower Minjiang River basin from 2000 to 2020 was conducted.This assessment was based on Landsat 7 data and land use from different periods,and circuit theory method were employed.[Results]It was found that significant changes in land use had been experienced by the lower Minjiang River basin over the past 20 years,with urban land area being increased by 91.1%.Lower water connectivity in urban areas such as the main city district of Fuzhou was revealed by the simulation of cumulative current values,primarily attributed to changes in landscape patterns caused by rapid urbanization and land use type conversion,which result ed in a 37.2%reduction in water system connectivity in the region.The decline in water connectivity was slowed by measures such as comprehensive water management projects that were initiated after 2015,with a 2.4%reduction in the area prone to flooding in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River from 2015 to 2020 compared to 2000—2005 being observed.[Conclusion]The suitability and significance of the circuit theory model for simulating water system connectivity and analyzing flood capacity in urban river networks were demonstrated by the introduction of this model.The flow and self-purification capacity of water bodies in the lower Minjiang River had been enhanced by Fuzhou City through river management,optimization of ur

关 键 词：水系连通性 电路理论 闽江 福州市 城市化 人类活动 径流 土地利用 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]