碳纤维增强磷酸铝复合材料的力学性能研究  

Mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum phosphate composites

作　　者：王小兵 秦岩[1] 傅华东 何山 王帅 杨少杰 WANG Xiaobing;QIN Yan;FU Huadong;HE Shan;WANG Shuai;YANG Shaojie(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《复合材料科学与工程》2024年第10期45-52,共8页Composites Science and Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2022-zy-002)。

摘　　要：为了改善无机复合材料在服役环境下力学性能骤降的缺点,本研究以超细高岭土和B4C颗粒填充自制磷酸二氢铝作为基体,以碳纤维作为增强体,制备了碳纤维增强磷酸铝复合材料。通过力学万能试验机、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电镜(SEM)等对该复合材料进行了性能表征。结果表明:随着两种骨料颗粒的添加,碳纤维增强磷酸铝复合材料的最高密度达到1.871 g/cm3,常温抗弯强度先增大后减小,高岭土颗粒在高温下会裂解生成Al2O3及SiO2,并与B4C生成一定量的SiC以及BPO4与B2O3等组成的熔融态物质,填充了基体裂解产生的孔隙,从而减少了复合材料的结构缺陷。当m[Al(H2PO4)3]∶m(高岭土)∶m(B4C)为100∶35∶15时,平均抗弯强度最高可达129.5 MPa,600℃热处理60 min后抗弯强度为65.47 MPa,力学强度保持率得到提高,可达50.56%。In order to improve the mechanical properties of the inorganic composites in service environment,the carbon fiber reinforced aluminum phosphate composites were prepared by filling ultra-fine kaolin and B4C particles with self-made aluminum dihydrogen phosphate as matrix and carbon fiber as the reinforcement.The composites was characterized by mechanical universal testing machine,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that with the addition of two kinds of aggregate particles,the maximum density of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum phosphate composite reaches 1.871 g/cm3,and the bending strength increases first and then decreases at room temperature.Kaolin particles crack to form Al2O3 and SiO2 at high temperature,and form a certain amount of SiC and molten substances composed of BPO4 and B2O3 with B4C,filling the pores generated by matrix cracking and reducing the structural defects of composite materials.When m[Al(H2PO4)3]∶m(kaolin)∶m(B4C)is 100∶35∶15,the maximum average bending strength is up to 129.5 MPa,and the bending strength is 65.47 MPa after 60 min heat treatment at 600℃.The mechanical strength retention rate reaching 50.56%,the mechanical strength retention rate was improved.

关 键 词：超细高岭土 B4C 磷酸盐复合材料 力学性能 强度保持率 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]