国际技术标准竞争:政策逻辑、现实约束及趋势展望  

The Competition of International Technical Standards:Policy Logic,Practical Constraints and Trend Prospects

作　　者：黄宁[1] 章添香[2] Huang Ning;Zhang Tianxiang

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术发展战略研究院,北京100038 [2]对外经济贸易大学保险学院,北京100029

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期183-196,235,共15页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“‘一带一路’倡议下中国出口信用保险发展:基于沿线国家异质性的贸易效应差异研究”(18YJC790228)。

摘　　要：当前国际技术标准成为国际科技竞争的重要领域,世界主要经济体纷纷出台或更新标准化战略。由于自身位势和目标的不同,中美欧参与国际技术标准竞争的政策逻辑存在明显差异。而各国政策意图的实现,受到国际技术标准形成规律的约束,包括国际标准的公共品属性、企业主导的标准制定机制、国内标准化的制度惯性以及国家间的产业内分工关系等。在主观意图与客观规律的两相作用下,国际技术标准竞争呈现出三大趋势:国内层面公私合作不断强化;国际层面标准联盟成为战略工具;全球层面技术标准体系可能产生分化。在当前“逆全球化”及贸易保护主义愈演愈烈的环境下,中国应制定参与国际技术标准竞争的正确策略。At present,the international technical standards have become an important field of international scientific and technological competition,and the world's major economies have introduced or updated their standardization strategies.Because of their different positions and goals,there are obvious differences in the policy logic of China,the United States and Europe participating in international technical standard competition.The realization of national policy intentions is constrained by the formation law of international technical standards,which involves the public goods attribute of international standards,the standardsetting mechanism led by enterprises,the institutional inertia of domestic standardization and the intraindustry division of labor between countries.Under the dual effect of subjective intention and objective law,the competition of international technical standards shows three trends:the public-private cooperation at the domestic level is constantly strengthened;the international standards alliances have been deployed as strategic tools;and the system of technical standards at the global level may diverge.Finally,this article puts forward some policy suggestions from the perspective of China.

关 键 词：国际技术标准 政策逻辑 标准竞争 

分 类 号：F203[经济管理—国民经济] F113.2