人工智能赋能食用菌生产发展的路径、阻碍因素与对策建议  

Path,challenges and countermeasures for the development of mushroom production empowered by artificial intelligence(AI)

作　　者：朱新宇 颜廷武[1,2] 王璐瑶 ZHU Xinyu;YAN Tingwu;WANG Luyao(College of Economics&Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Rural Development Research Center,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北农村发展研究中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《食药用菌》2024年第6期365-370,共6页Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms

基　　金：国家食用菌产业技术体系(CARS-20)。

摘　　要：食用菌产业作为重要的农业产业之一,在促进乡村产业振兴和农民增收方面发挥了重要作用,但其在生产端也面临着资源利用效率低、劳动力成本高、产品质量不稳定等诸多问题,而人工智能技术的应用有助于推动食用菌生产降本增效。本文通过搜集相关文献和资料,分析人工智能在食用菌生产中的实际应用情况及在食用菌生产中大规模推广人工智能存在的现实问题,具体为:当前人工智能在食用菌生产中主要从智能监测与调控、数据分析与预测、机器人应用与自动化生产角度赋能食用菌生产高质量发展;在食用菌生产中推广人工智能技术,主要存在小农户生产模式分散、人工智能投资成本高昂、农户技术水平较低、数据采集过程复杂等阻碍因素。据此提出引导农户集约化经营,提供人工智能引入补贴或优惠措施,加强对食用菌生产者的技术培训,吸引人工智能专业人才,建立专门技术服务平台和食用菌生产数据共享平台等发展建议。As an important component of agricultural industries,the mushroom industry plays a significant role in promoting rural industrial revitalization and increasing farmers’incomes.However,it faces various challenges,including low resource utilization,high labor costs,and inconsistent product quality.The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies holds significant potential in facilitating cost reduction and efficiency enhancement within the mushroom production sector.This paper analyzed the practical application of artificial intelligence(AI)in mushroom production,as well as the real-world challenges associated with large-scale AI adoption in this sector,through a comprehensive review of relevant literature and documents.The result showed that current AI applications in mushroom production mainly contribute to high-quality development through intelligent monitoring and control,data analysis and prediction,as well as robotics and automated production;several obstacles hinder the widespread adoption of AI in mushroom production,including the dispersed production model of small-scale farmers,the high investment costs of AI,the low technical proficiency of farmers,and the complexity of data collection processes.To address these issues,the paper suggested that policymaker guide small-scale farmers towards intensive operations,provide subsidies or incentives for organizations adopting AI,enhance technical training for mushroom producers,attract AI professionals,and establish a specialized technical service platform as well as a data-sharing platform for mushroom production.

关 键 词：食用菌生产 人工智能 智能监测 自动化生产 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]