人民法院解决家事纠纷的实证研究——以内蒙古自治区某市为个案  

An Empirical Study on the Resolution of Family Disputes in Courts:A Case Study of a City in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：白秀红 那仁朝格图 BAI Xiuhong;NAREN Chaogetu(College of Ethnology and Sociology,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学民族学与社会学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《内蒙古民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期88-95,共8页Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：家事纠纷是以婚姻家庭关系为基础的纷争,包括婚姻关系、亲子关系、监护关系、收养关系、赡养关系、扶养关系、继承关系等纠纷,涉及人身关系和财产关系的调整。这类纠纷具有非理性、伦理性、私密性、公益性等显著特点。人民法院调解是解决家事纠纷的必经程序,充分体现了立法层面对家事纠纷特殊性的深刻理解和高度重视。相关部门在设置解决家事纠纷的程序时,并未严格区分家事纠纷和其他民事纠纷。随着家事纠纷日益复杂、数量日益增加,原有的解决家事纠纷机制的局限性愈发明显,存在缺乏独立的家事法庭、人民法院调解过度审判化、家事联动调解机制运作不畅等问题。公正与效率是永恒的工作主题,相关部门需要深入探索和完善家事纠纷专项解决机制。基于中国的司法实践,相关部门可以通过设立独立的家事法庭、协调人民法院调解与审判的分离和衔接、建设人民法院家事纠纷调解智库等途径,构建以调解为主导、审判为辅助的人民法院解决家事纠纷专项机制。Family disputes refer to conflicts and disputes arising from marriage or quasi-marriage relationships,as well as blood or statutory blood relationships,involving issues of identity rights and property rights.Family disputes differ from other civil disputes due to the deep identity connections and emotional entanglements between the parties involved,and thus they pos-sess characteristics such as irrationality,ethical,privacy,and public welfare.In judicial practice,court-mediated settlement has been established as a necessary procedure for resolving family disputes,highlighting the legislative level’s deep understanding and emphasis on the particularities of family disputes.Despite this,the current legal framework does not strictly distinguish the procedures for resolving family disputes from those of other civil disputes.As family disputes become increasingly complex and numerous,the existing civil trial methods are no longer suitable for resolving family disputes,and the shortcomings of the existing system continue to emerge,such as the lack of an independent family court,the judicialization of family mediation,and the inadequate coordination of family mediation.This reflects the need to further explore and improve a special mechanism for resolving family disputes while pursuing fairness and efficiency.Starting from the reality of our country,establishing an indepen-dent family court,coordinating the separation and connection between court mediation and trial,and establishing a court media-tion think tank for family dispute,a special mechanism for resolving family disputes in the court,which takes mediation as the main approach and trial as a supplementary measure,should be constructed.

关 键 词：家事纠纷 人民法院调解 独立化 

分 类 号：D916.2[政治法律—法学]