热电器件性能的生态优化研究  

THE PERFORMANCE OF THERMOELECTRIC DEVICES UNDER ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA

作　　者：张荣[1] 张雷[1] 唐军[1] 石礼伟[1] ZHANG Rong;ZHANG Lei;TANG Jun;SHI Liwei(School of Materials Science and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学材料与物理学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《物理与工程》2024年第4期132-136,共5页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：教育部大学物理课程教学指导委员会教学改革项目(DWJZW202123hd);中国矿业大学教学改革重点项目(2021ZD08);中国矿业大学教学改革研究项目(2023ZDKT05-208,2023ZX55)。

摘　　要：基于热电效应制造的热电器件在热能与电能之间的转换方面具有特殊优势,而对热电器件的性能优化更具有现实意义。基于有限时间热力学理论,本文利用生态判据研究了热电热机和制冷机的热力学特征,在构建生态判据函数的基础上,推导出了热电器件的效率和制冷系数表达式,并且阐释了环境温度和热电品质因子对于效率以及制冷系数的影响,发现环境温度较低(较高)时,利于增强热电热机(制冷机)的效率(制冷系数)。此外,澄清了生态判据和权衡优化判据之间关系。Thermoelectric devices based on thermoelectric effect have special advantages in the conversion between heat and electric energy,and the performance optimization of thermoelectric device has the practical significance.Based on the finite-time thermodynamic theory,this paper studies the thermodynamic characteristics of thermoelectric generators and refrigerators by using the ecological criterion.On the basis of constructing the ecological criterion function,the expressions of efficiency and coefficient of performance(COP)of thermoelectric devices are derived,and the influence of ambient temperature and thermoelectric figure of merit on efficiency and COP is explained.It is found that when the ambient temperature is low(high),which is helpful for enhancing the efficiency(COP)of generators(refrigerators).In addition,the relationship between ecological criterion and trade-off optimization criterion is definitely clarified.

关 键 词：热电器件 生态判据 效率 制冷系数 

分 类 号：O482.6[理学—固体物理]